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Base Cultures: Sex Workers and Servicemen in Occupied Japan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2009

Sarah Kovner
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Abstract

This article examines how the bodies of Japanese women became a key site of political and cultural contestation during the Allied occupation. The sale of sex, once legally recognized and regulated, became a conspicuous symbol of postwar chaos. Ostracizing sex workers who catered to servicemen provided a means to display an abiding nationalism without directly confronting the occupiers. But these women were also indispensable in the economy of military base cities. Journalists and social critics sought to discern or impose order by devising elaborate taxonomies, cartographies, health regimes, and moral codes. Sex workers were active participants in this process, but their personal testimonies show how their lives defied categorization. When the Diet finally intervened with the 1956 Prostitution Prevention Law, it was merely the culmination of a long process involving every segment of Japanese society.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Asian Studies , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , August 2009 , pp. 777 - 804
Copyright
Copyright © The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2009

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References

List of References

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Fujin shinpū.. 1953b. “Shidō kenshin no tōkei o miru” [Looking at the statistics on guided medical examinations]. October 1.Google Scholar
Fujino, Yutaka. 2001. Sei no kokka kanri: baibaishun no kin gendaishi [State management of sex: The modern and contemporary history of prostitution]. Tokyo: Fuji Shuppan.Google Scholar
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Henson, Maria Rosa. 1996. Comfort Woman: Slave of Destiny. Quezon City: Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism.Google Scholar
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Hirai Kazuko, . 2004. “Nihon senryō o ‘sei’ de minaosu” [Reexamining the occupation of Japan as “sex”]. Nihonshi kenkyū 500:107–30.Google Scholar
Höhn, Maria. 2002. GIs and Frauleins: The German-American Encounter in 1950s West Germany. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
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Hume, Bill. 1953. Babysan: A Private Look at the Japanese Occupation. Tokyo: Kasuga Boeki.Google Scholar
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Journal of Social Hygiene. 1949. “State of the Union regarding Commercialized Prostitution.” 35 (4): 146–76.Google Scholar
Kanai, San'kichi. 1952. “Onna ni yashinawareru Nihon—sono shukuzu wa Sasebo” [Japan that is fed by women—its epitome is Sasebo]. Tōyō Keizai Shinpō Bessatsu, July.Google Scholar
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Kanzaki, Kiyoshi. 1949b. “Shinjuku no baishun chitai” [Shinjuku prostitution area]. Repr., Musume o uru machi—Kanzaki Repoto. Tokyo: Shinkō Shuppansha, 1952.Google Scholar
Kobayashi, Daijirō, and Murase, Akira. 1992. Minna wa shiranai: kokka baishun meirei [No one knows: The state orders prostitution]. Tokyo: Yūzankoku.Google Scholar
Lutz, Catherine. 2001. Homefront: A Military City and the American Twentieth Century. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
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Molasky, Michael. 1999. The American Occupation of Japan and Okinawa: Literature and Memory. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Moon, Katherine H. S. 1997. Sex among Allies: Military Prostitution in U.S.–Korea Relations. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Morimura Akira, . 1957. Henbō suru jinniku ichiba [A transforming flesh market]. Saikei (bessatsu shūkan), December 25.Google Scholar
Nagai, Yoshikazu. 2002. Fūzoku eigyō torishimari [Regulation of the sex industry]. Tokyo: Kōdansha.Google Scholar
Nagasaki Shimbun. 1946. “Dansaa 200 mei ōbōshū” [200 dancers, big job search]. January 1.Google Scholar
Ooru Yomimono. 1950. Yoshiwara [Yoshiwara]. October.Google Scholar
Ooru Yomimono. 1958. Paisen [Paisen]. May.Google Scholar
Parrott, Lindesay. 1945. “The Geisha Girl, GI Version.” New York Times Magazine, November 25.Google Scholar
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