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Moisture stress impact on N partitioning, N remobilization and N-use efficiency in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

E. F. Foster ,
A. Pajarito  and
J. Acosta-Gallegos
E. F. Foster
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
A. Pajarito
Affiliation:
INIFAP, Apdo 186 Durango, Durango, Mexico
J. Acosta-Gallegos
Affiliation:
INIFAP, Apdo 10 Chapingo, 56230, Mexico
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Summary

Field and glasshouse studies were conducted in Durango, Mexico in 1987 and in East Lansing, Michigan, USA in 1989, respectively, to determine the effects of moisture deficits upon N-use efficiency (NUE), N partitioning and remobilization, and N harvest index (NHI) in edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Four indeterminate, semi-prostrate genotypes adapted to the semi-arid high plains of Mexico, Pinto Nacional-1, Durango 222, L1213–2 and Bayo Madero, were used in the field study and Pinto Nacional-1 and Bayo Madero were used in the glasshouse study. A Xerosol Haplic soil was used in the field study and a Spinks loamy sand in the glasshouse study. A moisture deficit was induced by use of temporary rainshelters in the field and curtailment of water in the glasshouse. Plants were sampled periodically and subdivided into leaves, stems, pods and flowers, and roots (in the glasshouse study only) for determination of dry weight and total N content. Water-use efficiency was determined in the glasshouse study. A moderate moisture deficit (drought intensity index 0·41) reduced yield by 41% in comparison with non-stressed yield (from 134·3 down to 79·2 g/m2) and resulted in a greater percentage of seed-N derived from N that had been redistributed from the leaf, indicating that N partitioning was not impaired by this degree of stress. In contrast, N remobilization was greatly reduced by a more severe moisture deficit (drought intensity index 0·92), which resulted in yield losses of 92% (from 2·19 down to 0·17 g/pot). These results suggest that N remobilization may be an important drought adaptation strategy under moderate or intermittent moisture deficits. Severe moisture deficits reduced NHI, harvest index (HI), NUE and water-use efficiency (WUE) when WUE was expressed as seed dry weight per litre water used. Genotypic variability was observed for NHI, HI and NUE.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 124 , Issue 1 , February 1995 , pp. 27 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1995

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