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Evaluation of lentil harvest systems for different sowing methods and cultivars in Syria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

W. Erskine ,
J. Diekmann ,
P. Jegatheeswaran ,
A. Salkini ,
M. C. Saxena ,
A. Ghanaim  and
F. El Ashkar
W. Erskine
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
J. Diekmann
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
P. Jegatheeswaran
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
A. Salkini
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
M. C. Saxena
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), PO Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria
A. Ghanaim
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Douma, Syria
F. El Ashkar
Affiliation:
Agricultural Research Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform, Douma, Syria
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Summary

Hand harvesting is a major constraint to lentil production in North Africa and West Asia. This study, in north Syria, compared hand harvesting, cutting by mower (double-knife) and cutting with angled blades on two lentil cultivars differing in standing ability and using two sowing methods (broadcast and drilled) both with and without the use of a heavy bar for field levelling in the 1984/85 season. Seven treatments were selected for testing in five locations in the 1985/86 season; and in the 1986/87 and 1987/88 seasons, agronomic comparisons of mowing v. hand harvesting were conducted on five farmers' fields.

Both machine methods of harvesting resulted in significant harvest losses compared with hand harvesting. The angled blades performed well on a ridged broadcast crop, but tended to mix soil with the harvested crop. The loss of straw associated with harvesting by mower was reduced by levelling the seedbed after sowing. The superiority in seed yield of cultivar 78S26002 over the local cultivar increased from 9% when hand harvested to 39% with mowing because of its lower likelihood of lodging. In the 1986/87 and 1987/88 seasons, the seed yield from a hand harvest was 1650 kg/ha compared with 1508 kg/ha following harvest by mower, representing a loss of 8·6% from mechanization. The corresponding straw loss was 16·6% of the mean from a hand harvest of 2140 kg straw/ha. However, the harvest losses from mechanical harvesting by mower were compensated for by the reduced labour costs compared with hand harvesting.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 117 , Issue 3 , December 1991 , pp. 333 - 338
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

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