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The effects of soil sodicity on emergence, growth, development and yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

F. H. Gutiérrez Boem  and
R. S. Lavado
F. H. Gutiérrez Boem
Affiliation:
Departamento de Suelos, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avenida San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
R. S. Lavado
Affiliation:
Departamento de Suelos, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avenida San Martin 4453, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Summary

The effects of exchangeable sodium on emergence, growth, development and yield composition of oilseed rape were investigated at Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1992. A pot experiment was performed using five exchangeable sodium levels, expressed as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR: 12, 20, 27, 34 and 44). Soil with nine different exchangeable sodium contents (SAR from 0·5 to 50) and seven different particle size distributions (from sandy loam to clay) were used in a parallel trial to study the effect of soil crusting on oilseed rape emergence. Soil crusts were made using a rainfall simulator after seeds were sown. Both experiments showed that the direct effect of sodium on emergence occurred with SAR values higher than those which caused clay dispersion (SAR > 20). Oilseed rape seedlings could penetrate crusts having a resistance of < 230 kPa. At SAR values > 20, main stem growth and yield decreased significantly (P < 0·05). These reductions were counterbalanced by an increase in the number of secondary stems. At SAR levels > 34, stem number, grain number per pod on the main stem, as well as pod number on both main stem and secondary stems, were reduced, leading to a marked reduction in total yield. The most important agronomic effect of soil sodium on oilseed rape would be at emergence stage, due to soil crusting.

Type
Crops and Soils
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 126 , Issue 2 , March 1996 , pp. 169 - 173
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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