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Conservation tillage and microbially mediated integrated phosphorus management enhance productivity, profitability and energy use efficiency of maize

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 April 2023

Amit Kumar Open the ORCID record for Amit Kumar [Opens in a new window] ,
U. K. Behera ,
Shiva Dhar ,
Livleen Shukla ,
Raghavendra Singh ,
Subhash Babu ,
V. K. Sharma ,
P. K. Upadhyay ,
Rakesh Kumar Bairwa  and
Gaurendra Gupta
...Show all authors
Amit Kumar*
Affiliation:
ICAR RC for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim-737102, India ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
U. K. Behera
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India College of Agriculture Kyrdemkulai, CAU, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
Shiva Dhar
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
Livleen Shukla
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
Raghavendra Singh
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh-208024, India
Subhash Babu
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
V. K. Sharma
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
P. K. Upadhyay
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, India
Rakesh Kumar Bairwa
Affiliation:
ICAR-Directorate of Mushroom Research, Solan, Himachal Pradesh-173213, India
Gaurendra Gupta
Affiliation:
ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh-284003, India
Adarsh Kumar
Affiliation:
ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Mau Nath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh-275103, India
Satyapriya Singh
Affiliation:
Central Horticultural Experiment Station (ICAR-IIHR), Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751019, India
Narendra Bhandari
Affiliation:
Graphic Era Hill University, Bhimtal Campus, Uttarakhand-263136, India
Abdul Aziz Qureshi
Affiliation:
CAR-Indian Institute of Oilseed Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana-500030, India
B. A. Gudade
Affiliation:
Spices Park Chhindwara, Spices Board of India, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh-480107, India
Gaurav Verma
Affiliation:
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural, University, Hisar, Haryana-125004, India
Ranjeet Kumar
Affiliation:
Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh-224229, India
Avneesh Kumar
Affiliation:
Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh-224229, India
*
Corresponding author: Amit Kumar; Email: amitkumaricar13@gmail.com
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Abstract

Sustainability of maize production systems is threatened by poor economic returns and resource intensiveness. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during 2016–17 to 2017–18 to assess the effect of tillage and microbial inoculantsintegrated phosphorus (P) management on productivity, quality, economic outcome and energy dynamics of maize. Three tillage practices viz., CT–R (conventional tillage with no residue), ZT–R (zero tillage with no residue) and ZT + R (zero tillage with wheat crop residue at 2.5 Mg/ha) were assigned in main plots and five P management practices viz., P1 (control–NK as per recommendation, but no P), P2 (17.2 kg P/ha), P3 (17.2 kg P/ha + PSB), P4 (17.2 kg P/ha + compost inoculants) and P5 (34.4 kg P/ha) were allocated in subplots in three times replicated split-plot design. The maximum grain yield (5.96 Mg/ha), protein content (9.13%), protein yield (546 kg/ha) and gross energy returns (209 × 103 MJ/ha) were recorded under ZT + R while higher benefit: cost ratio (B: C ratio – the amount of economic gain per unit investment) (1.53) and energy efficiency (12.5) was noticed under ZT–R. Among the P management practices, the application of 34.4 kg P/ha recorded the highest grain yield (6.45 Mg/ha), protein content (9.34%), protein yield (603 kg/ha), B: C ratio (1.65) and energy efficiency (10.1). The results suggested that the application of P at the rate of 34.4 kg/ha under ZT + R is an economically robust approach for the quality maize production in semi-arid region.

Keywords

Economic returnsenergy dynamicsphosphorus use efficiencyquality
Type
Crops and Soils Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 161 , Issue 3 , June 2023 , pp. 373 - 386
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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