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Concentrate levels associated with a new genotype of cactus (Opuntia stricta [Haw]. Haw.) cladodes in the diet of lactating dairy cows in a semi-arid region

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2019

T. A. Paula ,
A. S. C. Véras ,
S. I. Guido ,
J. C. C. Chagas ,
M. G. Conceição ,
R. N. Gomes ,
H. F. A. Nascimento  and
M. A. Ferreira
T. A. Paula
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil
A. S. C. Véras
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil
S. I. Guido
Affiliation:
Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, 50761000, Recife, PE,Brazil
J. C. C. Chagas*
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, NJV, SE 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
M. G. Conceição
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil
R. N. Gomes
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil
H. F. A. Nascimento
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil
M. A. Ferreira
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, 52171900, Recife, PE, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: J. C. C. Chagas, E-mail: juanachagas@gmail.com
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Abstract

The use of cactus cladodes in animal feed is well-established in semi-arid areas. The cactus Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck cladodes (Nopalea) have high acceptability amongst dairy cows and are resistant to carmine cochineal insects (Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell), a problem in semi-arid regions, but in regions of prolonged drought, it has lower productivity compared with the cactus Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw cladodes (Opuntia), which is also resistant to the insect. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the intake and content of digestible material of dry matter (DM) and its components, feeding behaviour, microbial protein synthesis, nitrogen balance, blood parameters, performance and milk composition of Holstein cows fed a control diet, containing either Nopalea or Opuntia associated with different concentrate levels (225, 275, 325 and 375 g/kg). Ten cows with an initial average milk production of 20 ± 2.1 kg/day were distributed into a double 5 × 5 Latin square design. Diets containing 775 g roughage/kg and 225 g concentrate/kg promoted similar responses to the analysed variables regardless of the cactus cladode used, except for digestibility of neutral detergent fibre. Diets containing higher proportions of concentrate (325 and 375 g/kg) promoted greater DM intake and 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield. The diet containing Opuntia at 775:225 g/kg roughage:concentrate proportion is as effective as the control diet for Holstein cows producing 20 kg of milk/day. To promote greater milk production, higher proportions of concentrate should be added to diets using Opuntia.

Keywords

Agricultural diversificationcactaceacarmine cochinealdry landmilk yield
Type
Animal Research Paper
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 156 , Issue 10 , December 2018 , pp. 1251 - 1258
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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