Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-wq2xx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T00:44:06.968Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Impact of Promotion and Advertising: A Latent Class Approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2015

Timothy J. Richards*
Affiliation:
Morrison School of Agribusiness, Arizona State University East
Get access

Abstract

Typically, marketers define market segments by their demographic characteristics, assuming that these segments represent consumers with relatively homogeneous buying patterns. A more managerially useful definition, however, groups consumers of similar behavior directly and then seeks to find demographic commonalities among them. This study uses a latent class analysis technique to segment consumers based on their responsiveness to a set of marketing variables, finding that a multiple-segment model provides a better fit to the data, and that these segments differ significantly in their responsiveness. By targeting marketing activities to their most responsive segments, the efficiency of commodity promotion can be dramatically improved.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Southern Agricultural Economics Association 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alston, J.M., Chalfant, J.A., Christian, J.E., Meng, E., and Piggott, N.E.. “The California Table Commission's Promotion Program: An Evaluation.” Department of Agricultural Economics, University of California, Davis. Davis, CA. 1996.Google Scholar
Ben-Akiva, M. and Lerman, S.R.. Discrete Choice Analysis Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985.Google Scholar
Bucklin, R.E. and Gupta, S.. “Brand Choice, Purchase Incidence, and Segmentation: An Integrated Approach.” Journal of Marketing Research 29(May 1992):201215.Google Scholar
Bucklin, R.E. and Lattin, J.M.. “A Two-State Model of Purchase Incidence and Brand Choice.” Marketing Science 10(Winter 1991):2439.Google Scholar
Bucklin, R.E., Gupta, S., and Siddarth, S.. “Determining Segmentation in Sales Response Across Consumer Purchase Behaviors.” Journal of Marketing Research 35(May 1998):189197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, T.L. and Wohlgenant, M.K.. “Prices and Quality Effects in Cross-Sectional Demand Analysis.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 68(1986):908919.Google Scholar
Currim, I.S.Using Segmentation Approaches for Better Prediction and Understanding from Consumer Mode Choice Models.” Journal of Marketing Research 18(August 1981):301309.Google Scholar
Davis, G.C. and Wohlgenant, M.K.. “Demand Elasticities from a Discrete Choice Model: The Natural Christmas. Tree Market.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 75(August 1993):730738.Google Scholar
Deaton, A. and Muellbauer, J.. Economics and Consumer Behavior Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1980.Google Scholar
Dempster, A.P., Laird, N.M., and Rubin, D.B.. “Maximum Likelihood From Incomplete Data Via the EM Algorithm.” Journal of Royal Statistical Society B 39(1977):138.Google Scholar
Dillon, W.R. and Gupta, S.. “A Segment-level Model of Category Volume and Brand Choice.” Marketing Science 15(1996):3859.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dong, D., Shonkwiler, J.S., and Capps, O. Jr.Estimation of Demand Functions Using Cross Sectional Household Data: The Problem Revisited.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics 80(August 1998):466473.Google Scholar
Gorman, W.M.Separable Utility and Aggregation.” Economica 27(1959):469–81.Google Scholar
Grover, R. and Srinivasan, V.. “A Simultaneous Approach to Market Segmentation and Market Structuring.” Journal of Marketing Research 24(May 1987):139153.Google Scholar
Grover, R. and Srinivasan, V.. “An Approach for Tracking Within-Segment Shifts in Market Shares.” Journal of Marketing Research 26(May 1989):230236.Google Scholar
Grover, R. and Srinivasan, V.. “Evaluating the Multiple Effects of Retail Promotions on Brand Loyal and Brand Switching Segments.” Journal of Marketing Research 29(February 1992):7689.Google Scholar
Guadagni, P. and Little, J.D.C.. “A Logit Model of Brand Choice Calibrated on Scanner Panel Data.” Marketing Science 2(1983):203238.Google Scholar
Gupta, S. and Chintagunta, P.K.. “On Using Demographic Variables to Determine Segment Membership in Logit Mixture Models.” Journal of Marketing Research 31(February 1994):128136.Google Scholar
Hanemann, W.M.Discrete/Continuous Models of Consumer Demand.” Econometrica 52(1984):541561.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamakura, W.A. and Russel, G.J.. “A Probabalistic Choice Model for Market Segmentation and Elasticity Structure.” Journal of Marketing Research 26(November 1989):379390.Google Scholar
Krishnamurthi, L. and Raj, S.R.. “An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Brand Loyalty and Consumer Price Elasticity.” Marketing Science 10(Spring 1991):172183.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarsfeld, P.F. and Henry, N. W.. Latent Structure Analysis New York, NY: Houghto-Mifflin Company. 1968.Google Scholar
Lee, J.-Y., Brown, M.G., and Seale, J.L. Jr.Demand Relationships Among Fresh Fruit and Juices in Canada.” Review of Agricultural Economics 14(1992):255262.Google Scholar
Manrai, A.K.Mathematical Models of Brand Choice Behavior.” European Journal of Operations Research 82(1995):117.Google Scholar
McFadden, D.Conditional Logit Analysis of Qualitative Choice Behavior,” in Zarembka, P. (ed.) Frontiers in Econometrics New York: Academic Press 1974.Google Scholar
McFadden, D.Econometric Models of Probabilistic Choice.” in Structural Analysis of Discrete Data with Econometric Applications, eds. Manski, C.F. and McFadden, D.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 1981.Google Scholar
Pudney, S.Modelling Individual Choice: The Econometrics of Corners, Kinks, and Holes New York: Basil Blackwell Ltd. 1989.Google Scholar
Roy, R., Chintagunta, P.K., and Haldar, S.. “A Framework for Investigating Habits, “The Hand of the Past,” and Heterogeneity in Dynamic Brand Choice.” Marketing Science 15(Fall 1996):280299.Google Scholar
Scott, D.Washington Apple Commission: Segmentation AnalysisThe Research Department, Inc. Seattle, WA. 1998.Google Scholar
Tellis, G.J.Advertising Exposure, Loyalty, and Brand Purchase: A Two-Stage Model of Choice.” Journal of Marketing Research 25(May 1988):134144.Google Scholar
Titterington, D.M., Smith, A.F., and Makov, V.E.. “Statistical Analysis of Finite Mixture Distributions NY, NY: Wiley. 1985.Google Scholar
Zenor, M.J. and Srivastava, R.K.. “Inferring Market Structure with Aggregate Data: A Latent Segment Logit Approach.” Journal of Marketing Research 30(August 1993):369379.Google Scholar