Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2xdlg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-05T16:56:09.710Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Personality Traits and Voter Turnout in South Korea: The Mediation Argument

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2017

CHING-HSING WANG
Affiliation:
Hobby School of Public Affairs, University of Houston, Texascwang3@central.uh.edu
DENNIS LU-CHUNG WENG
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Cortlanddennis.weng@cortland.edu
HYUN-JIN CHA
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science & International Relations, Korea Universitybellinacha@gmail.com

Abstract

This study examines the effects of personality traits on voter turnout in South Korea. While it has been demonstrated that no direct relationships exist between personality traits and voter participation in South Korea, we argue that personality traits have indirect effects on turnout through such attitudinal factors as political interest, political efficacy, partisanship, and ideology. Using data from Korean General Social Survey (KGSS) 2012, we find that political interest and political efficacy play an important role in mediating the relationships between personality traits and voter turnout in South Korea. However, contrary to our expectations, there is either weak or no evidence on the mediating role of partisanship and ideology in the relationships between personality traits and voter turnout. To sum up, our findings provide some support to the indirect relationships between personality traits and voter turnout in South Korea and imply that the impacts of personality traits on voter participation vary by country or geographic region.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, Mary R. (2009), ‘Beyond Membership: A Sense of Community and Political Behavior’, Political Behavior, 31: 603–27.Google Scholar
Blais, André and St-Vincent, Simon Labbé (2011), ‘Personality Traits, Political Attitudes and the Propensity to Vote’, European Journal of Political Research, 50: 395417.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus, Converse, Philip E., Miller, Warren E., and Stokes, Donald E. (1960), The American Voter, New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Campbell, Angus, Gurin, Gerald, and Miller, Warren E. (1954), The Voter Decides, Evanston: Row, Peterson & Company.Google Scholar
Caprara, Gian Vittorio, Vecchione, Michele, Alessandri, Guido, Gerbino, Maria, and Barbaranelli, Claudio (2011), ‘The Contribution of Personality Traits and Self-Efficacy Beliefs to Academic Achievement: A Longitudinal Study’, British Journal of Educational Psychology, 81: 7896.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carney, Dana R., Jost, John T., Gosling, Samuel D., and Potter, Jeff (2008), ‘The Secret Lives of Liberals and Conservatives: Personality Profiles, Interaction Styles, and the Things They Leave Behind’, Political Psychology, 29: 807–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cho, Ki-sook (1998), ‘Regionalism in Korean Elections and Democratization: An Empirical Analysis’, Asian Perspective, 22: 135–56.Google Scholar
Choi, Jun Young and Cho, Jinman (2005), ‘Is Regional Cleavage in Korea Disappearing? Empirical Analysis of the Ideological and Generational Effects on the Outcomes of the 17th Congressional Election’, Korean Political Science Review, 39: 375–94 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Digman, John M. (1990), ‘Personality Structure: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model’, Annual Review of Psychology, 41: 417–40.Google Scholar
Fatke, Matthias (2016), ‘Personality Traits and Political Ideology: A First Global Assessment’, Political Psychology, DOI: 10.1111/pops.12347.Google Scholar
Gallego, Aina and Oberski, Daniel (2012), ‘Personality and Political Participation: The Mediation Hypothesis’, Political Behavior, 34: 425–51.Google Scholar
Gerber, Alan S., Huber, Gregory A., Doherty, David, Dowling, Conor M., and Ha, Shang E. (2010), ‘Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts’, American Political Science Review, 104: 111–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerber, Alan S., Huber, Gregory A., Doherty, David, Dowling, Conor M., Raso, Connor, and Ha, Shang E. (2011a), ‘Personality Traits and Participation in Political Processes’, Journal of Politics, 73: 692706.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerber, Alan S., Huber, Gregory A., Doherty, David, and Dowling, Conor M. (2011b), ‘Personality Traits and the Consumption of Political Information’, American Politics Research, 39: 3284.Google Scholar
Gerber, Alan S., Huber, Gregory A., Doherty, David, and Dowling, Conor M. (2012), ‘Personality and the Strength and Direction of Partisan Identification’, Political Behavior, 34: 653–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldberg, Lewis R. (1993), ‘The Structure of Phenotypic Personality Traits’, American Psychologist, 48: 2634.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gosling, Samuel D., Rentfrow, Peter J., and Swann, William B. Jr. (2003), ‘A Very Brief Measure of the Big-Five Personality Domains’, Journal of Research in Personality, 37: 504–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Green, Donald, Palmquist, Bradley, and Schickler, Eric (2002), Partisan Hearts and Minds: Political Parties and the Social Identities of Voters, New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Ha, Shang E., Kim, Seokho, and Jo, Se Hee (2013), ‘Personality Traits and Political Participation: Evidence from South Korea’, Political Psychology, 34: 511–32.Google Scholar
Hur, Suk-Jae (2013), ‘The Discontent on Democracy and Voter Turnout: Transition Model Approach’, Journal of Democracy and Human Rights, 13: 111–41 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Jhee, Byong-Keun (2006), ‘Ideology and Voter Choice in Korea: An Empirical Test of the Viability of Three Ideological Voting Models’, Korean Political Science Review, 30: 6181.Google Scholar
Kang, Kyung-Tae. (2003a), ‘Voting and Non-voting in the Korean Presidential Elections in Terms of Electoral Interest’, Korean Political Science Review, 37: 91111 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Kang, Won-Taek. (2003b), Electoral Politics in South Korea: Ideology, Region, Generation and Media, Seoul: Purengil (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Kim, Sang-Wook. (2012), Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), 2012, Ann Arbor: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research.Google Scholar
Kim, Wook (1998), ‘Voter Turnout and Abstention- Who, Why Votes?’, in Lee, Nam-Young (ed.), Korean Election 2: Focusing on the 15th Presidential Election, Seoul: Purengil (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Kim, Wook (2013), ‘An Analysis of the Linkage between Voting Participation and Other Forms of Participation’, Journal of Political Science and Communication, 16: 2759 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Kim, Wook (2014), ‘A Comparative Study of the Linkage between Voting Participation and Other Forms of Participation: Comparing Korea, Taiwan, and Japan’, The Korean Journal of Area Studies, 32: 161–89.Google Scholar
Lee, Dong Ok and Brunn, Stanley D. (1996), ‘Politics and Regions in Korea: An Analysis of the Recent Presidential Election’, Political Geography, 15: 99119.Google Scholar
Lee, Jaechul (2013), ‘Effects of Voter's Ages in the 18th Presidential Election’, Dispute Resolution Studies Review, 11: 121–53 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Lee, Junhan (2004), ‘Who Votes and Why in Korea?’, International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 16: 183–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, Junhan and Hwang, Wonjae (2012), ‘Partisan Effects of Voter Turnout in Korean Elections, 1992–2010’, Asian Survey, 52: 1161–82.Google Scholar
Lee, Kap Yun (2012), Korean's Voting Behaviors, Seoul: Humanitas (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Lee, Nae-Young (2009), ‘Changing Ideological Orientations and Ideological Voting of Korean Voters’, Peace Studies, 17: 4272 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Lee, Nae-Young and Jeong, Han-Wool (2007), ‘Issues and Changing Partisanship in South Korea’, Korean Political Science Review, 41: 3155 (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Mattila, Mikko, Wass, Hanna, Söderlund, Peter, Fredriksson, Sami, Fadjukoff, Päivi, and Kokko, Katja (2011), ‘Personality and Turnout: Results from the Finnish Longitudinal Studies’, Scandinavian Political Studies, 34: 287306.Google Scholar
Mondak, Jeffery J. (2010), Personality and the Foundations of Political Behavior, New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Mondak, Jeffery J., Canache, Damarys, Seligson, Mitchell A., and Hibbing, Matthew V. (2011), ‘The Participatory Personality: Evidence from Latin America’, British Journal of Political Science, 41: 211–21.Google Scholar
Mondak, Jeffery J. and Halperin, Karen D. (2008), ‘A Framework for the Study of Personality and Political Behaviour’, British Journal of Political Science, 38: 335–62.Google Scholar
Mondak, Jeffery J., Hibbing, Matthew V., Canache, Damarys, Seligson, Mitchell A., and Anderson, Mary R. (2010), ‘Personality and Civic Engagement: An Integrative Framework for the Study of Trait Effects on Political Behavior’, American Political Science Review, 104: 85110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oh, Hyeon Joo and Gil, Jung A. (2013), ‘Voter's Ideology and Vote Choice: The Consolidation of the Conservative and the Division of the Liberal’, in Park, Chan Wook and Kang, Won-Taek (eds.), Analyzing the 2012 Presidential Election in South Korea, Paju: Nanam (written in Korean).Google Scholar
Rentfrow, Peter J., Gosling, Samuel D., and Potter, Jeff (2008), ‘A Theory of the Emergence, Persistence, and Expression of Geographic Variation in Psychological Characteristics’, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3: 339–69.Google Scholar
Schoen, Harald and Steinbrecher, Markus (2013), ‘Beyond Total Effects: Exploring the Interplay of Personality and Attitudes in Affecting Turnout in the 2009 German Federal Election’, Political Psychology, 34: 533–52.Google Scholar
Sobolewska, Maria, Fisher, Stephen D., Heath, Anthony F., and Sanders, David (2015), ‘Understanding the Effects of Religious Attendance on Political Participation among Ethnic Minorities of Different Religions’, European Journal of Political Research, 54: 271–87.Google Scholar
Steinbrecher, Markus and Schoen, Harald. (2010), ‘Personality and Turnout in Germany: Evidence from the 2009 Federal Election’, Typescript, University of Mannheim.Google Scholar
Tenn, Steven (2007), ‘The Effect of Education on Voter Turnout’, Political Analysis, 15: 446–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vecchione, Michele and Caprara, Gian Vittorio (2009), ‘Personality Determinants of Political Participation: The Contribution of Traits and Self-Efficacy Beliefs’, Personality and Individual Differences, 46: 487–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verba, Sidney, Schlozman, Kay Lehman, and Brady, Henry E. (1995), Voice and Equality: Civic Voluntarism in American Politics, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Ching-Hsing (2014), ‘Gender Differences in the Effects of Personality Traits on Voter Turnout’, Electoral Studies, 34: 167–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Ching-Hsing (2016), ‘Personality Traits, Political Attitudes and Vote Choice: Evidence from the United States’, Electoral Studies, 44: 2634.Google Scholar