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Qalʿeh-ye Mehrab Khan: The First Leprosarium in Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2022

Willem Floor
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Abstract

Before discussing the establishment and functioning of the first real leprosarium in Iran, a brief explanation is given of the pathology of leprosy, the various names are listed under which it was known in Persian, and the earliest archeological evidence of its occurrence is presented. Also, societal behavior in Imperial Iran towards lepers is highlighted, while reference is made to the earliest medical descriptions of leprosy in Persian. Little is known about the occurrence of leprosy in Iran over the centuries, as evidenced by the lack of knowledge about its prevalence among medical practitioners and institutions in Iran, even as late as the 1920s. Although segregated villages with lepers existed prior to 1926, it was only as of then that the Mehrab Khan village became the first true Iranian leprosarium, when regular institutional medical treatment was offered by American missionary physicians. The funding agencies, medical personnel and treatment, the living environment of lepers and their numbers in Mehrab Khan are discussed as well as how its population size and status changed over time, and how it was transformed into a structural component of public medical care. Finally and briefly, the establishment and functioning of two other Iranian leprosaria is discussed as well as the slow but sure disappearance of the disease in Iran.

Keywords

MedicineLeprosyQajarPahlaviAmerican missionariesAstan-e Qods-e Razavi
Type
Articles
Information
Iranian Studies , Volume 53 , Issue 1-2: Special Section: Medicine and Public Health in Modern Iran: Historical and Sociological Perspectives , March 2020 , pp. 9 - 41
Copyright
Copyright © Association For Iranian Studies, Inc 2019

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Footnotes

Author of, among others, Studies in the History of Medicine in Iran (Washington, DC: Mage Publishers, 2018).

References

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Matin, Peyman, “Jodhām.” Daʾerat al-Maʿaref-e Bozorg-e Eslami 17(1388): 639–645.Google Scholar
McLeod, Katrina C.D., and Yates, Robin D. S. “Forms of Ch'in Law: An Annotated Translation of the Feng-chen shih.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 41, no. 1(1981): 111–163. doi: 10.2307/2719003CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Modi, Jivanji Jemshedji, “Leprosy, an Old Iranian View of It: The Legend Suggesting Cow-Urine as Its Supposed Preventive.” In Anthropological Papers. Part III, 93–118. Bombay: British India Press, 1911.Google Scholar
Modi, Jivanji Jemshedji, “Ancient Palipatura.” In Asiatic Papers II, 211–286. Bombay: Times Press, 1917.Google Scholar
Moghadas, Abdorreza Naser, “First Visual Evidence of Leprosy in the Continental Shelf of Iran.” Iran Journal of Public Health 44, no. 8(2015): 1162–1163.Google Scholar
Moʾtamen, Ali, Rāhnamā yā Tārīkh va Towsīf Darbār-e Velāyatmadār-e Razavī. Tehran: Bank-e Melli, 1348/1969.Google Scholar
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