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Les réserves aux Conventions de Genève de 19491

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 April 2010

C. Pilloud
C. Pilloud
Affiliation:
Directeur adjoint des Affaires, generates du CICR
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Extract

Au 31 juillet 1957, les Conventions de Genève, du 12 août 1949, liaient, par voie de ratification ou d'adhésion, 66 Etats. Au 31 mai 1965, 40 nouveaux Etats ont accédé à ces Conventions, portant ainsi à 106 le nombre total des Etats qu'elles lient. Plusieurs Etats nouvellement indépendants ont confirmé leur participation en remettant au gouvernement dépositaire — le Conseil fédéral suisse — une déclaration de continuité, c'est-à-dire un document par lequel ils confirmaient être liés, des la date de leur indépendance, par la ratification que l'Etat auquel ils succédaient avait antérieurement donnée.

Type
Review Article
Information
International Review of the Red Cross , Volume 47 , Issue 559 , July 1965 , pp. 315 - 324
Copyright
Copyright © International Committee of the Red Cross 1965

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References

2 En voici la liste par ordre chronologique: République populaire democratique de Corée, Grande-Bretagne, Soudan, République dominicaine, Ghana, Indonésie, Australie, Cambodge, République populaire de Mongolie, Ceylan, Nouvelle-Zélande, République algérienne, République du Congo (Léopoldville), Portugal, Nigeria, Paraguay, Haute-Volta, Colombie, Côte d'Ivoire, Dahomey, Togo, Chypre, Fédération de Malaisie, Irlande, République islamique de Mauritanie, Tanganyika, Sénégal, Trinidad et Tobago, Arabie saoudite, Somalie, République malgache, République fédérate du Cameroun, Royaume du Népal, République du Niger, Rwanda, Uganda, Jamaïque, Republique gabonaise, Canada, Mali.

3 Voir, à ce sujet, notre étude de 1957.

4 Il s'agit de la déclaration relative à la IVe Convention. Le texte des autres déclarations est le même, sauf qu'il est adapté à la Convention qu'il concerne.

5 Geneva Convention for the protection of war victims. Report of the Committee on Foreign Relations: 84th Congress, 1st Session, Washington 1955. Texte traduit par nos soins.

6 Même référence que note 5.

7 American Journal of International Law, 1955, p. 552.Google Scholar Cette citation est traduite par nos soins, mais en voici le texte original: «In effect, this statement constitutes a proposal to agree to disagree…»

8 Texte original: I am further instructed by Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom to refer to the reservations made to Article 85 of the Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War by the following States:

the People's Republic of Albania, the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, the Bulgarian People's Republic, the People's Republic of China, the Czechoslovak Republic, the Hungarian People's Republic, the Polish Republic, the Roumanian People's Republic, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

and to the reservations to Article 12 of the Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War and to Article 45 of the Convention relative to the Treatment of Civilian Persons in Time of War made by all the abovementioned States and by the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia.

I am instructed by Her Majesty's Government to state that whilst they regard all the above-mentioned States as being parties to the abovementioned Conventions, they do not regard the above-mentioned reservations thereto made by those States as valid, and will therefore regard any application of any of those reservations as constituting a breach of the Convention to which the reservation relates.

9 Texte original: I am further instructed by the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia to refer to notifications concerning the «German Democratic Republic», the «Democratic People's Republic of Korea», the «Democratic Republic of Viet-Nam», and the «People's Republic of China». While the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia does not recognize any of the foregoing it has taken note of their acceptance of the provisions of the Conventions and their intention to apply them. The position of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia towards the reservations referred to above applies equally in relation to the similar reservations attached to such acceptance.

10 Commission du droit international: Rapport 1962, Droit des trails, article 1.