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Universal acceptance of international humanitarian law — Promotional activities of the ICRC

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 January 2010

Hans-Peter Gasser
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Extract

In its Final Declaration of 1 September 1993, the International Conference for the Protection of War Victims inter alia urged all States to make every effort to:

“Consider or reconsider, in order to enhance the universal character of international humanitarian law, becoming party or confirming their succession, where appropriate, to the relevant treaties concluded since the adoption of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, in particular:

—the Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts of 8 June 1977 (Protocol I);

—the Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts of 8 June 1977 (Protocol II);

—the 1980 Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons and its three Protocols;

—The 1954 Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict”.

Type
Follow-up to the International Conference for the Protection of War Victims
Information
International Review of the Red Cross (1961 - 1997) , Volume 34 , Issue 302 , October 1994 , pp. 450 - 457
Copyright
Copyright © International Committee of the Red Cross 1994

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References

1 Part II, para. 4, of the Final Declaration of the International Conference for the Protection of War Victims, published in the International Review of the Red Cross, No. 296, 09–10 1993, pp. 377–381.Google Scholar

2 Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, Article 5, para. 2 g).

3 See the table in the Annex. New ratifications and accessions are reported regularly in die Review. See also the ICRC's Annual Report.

4 Note from the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, dated 10 October 1990.

5 See Annex p. 458.Google Scholar

6 See: “Agora — The U.S. Decision not to Ratify Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions on the Protection of War Victims”, American Journal of International Law, 81 (1987), pp. 910–925 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; also 82 (1988), pp. 784–786, and 83 (1989), pp. 345–347.

7 Resolution 47/30 of 25 November 1992: “Status of the Protocols Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and relating to the protection of victims of armed conflicts”.

8 Resolution 48/30 of 9 December 1993: “United Nations Decade of International Law”.

9 See, for example, the resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Organization of African Unity (1994); resolution 991 (1992) on the activities of the International Committee of the Red Cross (1989–91), adopted by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe; or the resolution of the General Assembly of the Organization of American States (1994).

10 See, for example, the resolution adopted by the 90th Interparliamentary Conference (1993), entitled “Respect for international humanitarian law and support for humanitarian action in armed conflicts”.

11 See Annex p. 458.Google Scholar

12 See footnote 7.

13 See Annex.

14 Protocol I: on non-detectable fragments; Protocol II: on prohibitions or restrictions on the use of mines, booby-traps and other devices; Protocol III: on prohibitions or restrictions on the use of incendiary weapons.

15 On 12 May 1994, the President of the United States proposed to the Senate that it ratify the Convention and Protocols I and II thereto.

16 In this connection, see the ICRC Report of February 1994, in IRRC No. 299, March–April 1994, pp. 123 ff., especially pp. 130 ff.

17 Together with its Protocol of the same date.

18 See Annex.

19 See also Article 53 of Protocol I, entitled “Protection of cultural objects and of places of worship”.