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Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission Decision 7 Regarding Jus Ad Bellum Liability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2017

Susan Notar
Susan Notar*
Affiliation:
International Legal Materials
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Type
International Legal Materials
Information
International Legal Materials , Volume 46 , Issue 6 , November 2007 , pp. 1119 - 1126
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2007

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References

Endnotes

1 PBS Online Newshour <http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/africa/jan-juneOO/ethiopia_5-30.html.>

2 Id.

3 International Crisis Group Conflict history: Ethiopia/Eritrea <http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?action=conflict.>

4 Agreement Between the Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia and the Government of the State of Eritrea (December 12, 2000) [hereinafter December Agreement].

5 Id. at Article 1.

6 Id. at Article 2.

7 Id. at Article 4.

8 Id. at Article 5.

9 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comm'n http://www.pca-cap.org/showpage.aspx

10 December Agreement, supra note iv, at Article 5(2).

11 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comm'n http://www.pca-cap.org/showpage.aspx

12 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comm'n Partial Award Central Front Eritrea's Claims 2, 4, 6, 7, 8 & 22 (April 2004); 43 I.L.M. 1249 (2004).

13 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comrn’ n Partial Award Central Front Ethiopia's Claim 2 (April 2004), 43 I.L.M. 1275 (2004).

14 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comm'n Partial Award Civilians Claims Eritrea's Claims 15, 16, and 27-32 (Dec. 2004), 44 I.L.M. 601 (2005).

15 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comm'n Partial Award Civilian Claims Ethiopia's Claim 5 (Dec. 2004), 44 I.L.M. 630 (2005).

16 Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Comm'n Partial Award Jus Ad Bellum Ethiopia's Claims 1-8 (Dec. 2005); 45 I.L.M. 430 (2006).

17 Id. at ¶3.

18 Id. at ¶4.

19 Id. at ¶5.

20 Id.

21 Eritrea Ethiopia Claims Comm'n Decision Number 7: Guidance Regarding Jus ad Bellum Liability 113 (July 2007

22 Id. at ¶22.

23 Id. at ¶28.

24 Id. at ¶31.

* This text was reproduced and reformatted from the text appearing at the PCA website: (visited December 3, 2007) http://www.pca-cpa.org/upload/files/EECC_Decision_No_7.pdf

1 See Marjorie M. Whiteman, III Damages In International Law pp. 1766-1767 (1943).

2 International Law Commission, Articles on State Responsibility, Commentary to Art. 31, para. 10, reprinted in JAMES Crawford, The International Law Commission's Articles On State Responsibility. Introduction, Text And Commentaries pp. 204-205 (2002).

3 Arthur W. Rovine & Grant Hanessian, Toward a Foreseeability Approach to Causation Questions at the United Nations Compensation Commission, in The United Nations Compensation Commission [Thirteenth Sokol Colloquium] pp. 235-236 (Richard Lillich, ed. 1995)-[hereinafter Lillich].

4 Whiteman, supra note 1, at p. 1767 (emphasis in original).

5 John Bassett Moore, International Arbitration p. 646 (1898); Whiteman supra note 1, at p. 1173.

6 Treaty of Versailles, June 28, 1919, 225 Parry's Consol. T.S. 189, 11 Martens Nouveau Recueil (Ser. 3) p. 323, Part VIII, sec. 1, Annex I, para. 9.

7 7 R.l.A.A. p. 62, quoted in Norbert Wühler, Causation and Directness of Loss as Elements of Compensability Before the United Nations Compensation Commission, in Lillich, supra note 3, at p. 231 See Report by Special Rapporteur of the International Law Commission (Arangio Ruiz), 44 U.N. GAOR Supp. No. 10 at 6, U.N. Doc. A/CN 4/425 (1989).

8 See Wühler, supra note 7, at pp. 207, 231.

9 Wühler, supra note 7, at pp. 207-209.

10 Michael J. Matheson, Council Unbound p. 1.74 (2006); Rovine & Hanessian, supra note 3, at p. 238.

11 Joint Report No. 2 of 12 August 1904, of the American and British Commissioners, in Whiteman, supra note 1, at pp. 1778-1781.

12 Roberts Case (U.S. v. Venez.), Ralston's Report p. 142.

13 Naulilaa Case, 2 R.l.A.A. p. 1013. (“The uprising … thus constitutes an injury which the author of the initial act … should have foreseen as a necessary consequence of its military operations.“)

14 12 R.I.A.A. p.217 (1956).

15 Transcript of the Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission Hearings of April 2007, Peace Palace, The Hague, at p. 39 (Professor Murphy). 16 Treaty of Peace with Japan, signed Sept. 8,1951,136U.N.T.S. p. 45, 3 U.S.T. p. 3169.

17 Article 14 provides “It is recognized that Japan should pay reparations to the Allied Powers rot the damage and suffering caused by it during the war. Nevertheless it is also recognized that the resources of Japan are not presently sufficient, if it is to maintain a viable economy, to make complete reparation for all such damage and suffering and at the same time meet its other obligations.“

18 These included Security Council Resolutions 660 (Aug. 2, 1990), 661 (Aug. 6, 1990), 662 (Aug. 9, 1990), 664 (Aug. 18, 1990), 665 (Aug. 25, 1990), 677 (Sept. 16, 1990), 670 (Sept. 25, 1990), 674 (Oct. 29, 1990), and 678 (Nov. 29, 1990).

19 Security Council Resolution 687 (Apr. 3, 1991) (deemed by some “the mother of all Security Council Resolutions” because of its breadth).

20 S/RES/1177, June 26, 1998.

21 S/RES/1226, January 29, 1999.

22 S/RES/1227, February 10, 1999.

23 S/RES/1297, May 17,2000.