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Skin hypersensitivity to bites of Glossina morsitans centralis in goats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

R. H. Dwinger ,
Max Murray  and
S. K. Moloo
R. H. Dwinger
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
Max Murray
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
S. K. Moloo
Affiliation:
International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

Four goats, which had been previously bitten on two different occasions by Glossina morsitans centralis infected with Trypanosoma congolense and subsequently treated on each occasion with the trypanocidal drug diminazene aceturate were each fed upon by six uninfected tsetse. Hypersensitivity reactions developed in the skin of two of the goats within 1 hr after the bite, and reached a maximum intensity over the next 24 hr. In order to determine whether hypersensitive skin reactions could be induced by tsetse saliva alone, six different goats were bitten by uninfected tsetse up to eight times. Only a few small nodular skin reactions were noticed. However, following infection and treatment and another sequence of uninfected tsetse bites, hypersensitive skin reactions did occur in two animals, although the reactions were not as severe as anticipated. The hypersensitivity reactions usually precede but sometimes overlap the chancre reaction elicited by metacyclic trypanosomes transmitted by tsetse.

Résumé

Quatre chèvres sont préalablement infectées en deux occasions par Glossina morsitans centralis porteuse de Trypanosoma congolense et traitées consecutivement avec un trypanocide, le diminazène acéturate. Chaque chèvre sert ensuite à nourrir 6 mouches tsétsé non infectées. On observe des réactions d'hypersensibilité au niveau cutané sur deux des chèvres dans l'heure qui suit la piqure. Cette réaction atteint son intensité maximale dans les 24 hr suivantes.

De manière à determiner si cette réaction d'hypersensibilité cutanée est uniquement induite par la salive de la tsétsé, 6 autres chèvres sont piquées jusqu' à 8 fois de suite par des tsétsé non infectées. Seules quelques petites réactions cutanées nodulaires sont observées. Ces six animaux sont ensuite infectés par des tsétsé porteuses de T. congolense et traitées consecutivement avec le diminazène acéturate. Une autre séquence de piqures par des tsétsé non infectées est réalisée. Deux animaux développent une réaction d'hypersensibilité cutanée moins sévère que celle observée précédemment. Ces réactions d'hypersensibilité cutanée précèdent habituellement l'apparition du chancre cutané. Elles peuvent parfois se superposer au chancre provoqué par les formes métacycliques de T. congolense injectées par la tsétsé.

Keywords

Skin hypersensitivitytsetsegoatstrypanosomiasischancreHypersensibilité cutanéetsétséchèvrestrypanosomiasechancre
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 7 , Issue 5 , October 1986 , pp. 653 - 657
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1986

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