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Distribution and extent of damage by Scolytus Spp. To stone and pome fruit orchards in Israel

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Zvi Mendel ,
Shaul Ben-Yehuda ,
Ruth Marcus  and
David Nestel
Zvi Mendel
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organisation, Ministry of Agriculture, Israel
Shaul Ben-Yehuda
Affiliation:
Agricultural Extension Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Israel
Ruth Marcus
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, Agricultural Research Organisation, Ministry of Agriculture, Israel
David Nestel
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organisation, Ministry of Agriculture, Israel
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Abstract

During the last decade damage to stone-and pome-fruit orchards in Israel caused by bark beetles has increased. We present data on injury by Scolytus amygdali Geur. and S. rugulosus Muller to nine rosaceous fruit trees of Prunus spp., Malus silvestris, Pyrus malus, Cydonia oblonga and Eriobotrya japonica in 6 major regions in Israel. Approximately 64 and 18% of the sampled areas planted with stone- and pome-fruits, respectively, were damaged by bark beetles. The heaviest damage occurred on apricot, almond, peach, plum and cherry. Most of the area planted with stone fruits, and large areas planted with apple and pear, were damaged by bark beetles. The most widespread beetle damage occurred in the central mountain range and the southern coastal region, with approximately 96 and 92% of the sampled area damaged, respectively and the least occurred in the northern mountain range. Stone fruits are more susceptible to damage by bark beetles than apple and pear, while quince and loquat are virtually resistant. The level of damage appears to be influenced by grove management, host plant resistance to Capnodis spp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), climatic conditions and conditions in plots neighbouring the orchard.

Résumé

Durant la derniàre décennie les dégâts causés par les scolytes aux vergers de drupes et de pommes ont augmenté en Israël. Nous présentons les résultats des dégâts par Scolytus amygdali Geur et S. rugolosus Muller à neuf arbres fruitiers rosacés, Prunus spp., Malus silvestris, Pylus malus, Cydonia oblonga et Eriobotrya japonica dans six régions importantes d'Israël. Approximativement 64 et 18% des régions échantillonnées plantées respectivement d'arbre à drupes et de pomier étaient endommagés par les scolytes. Les dégâts les plus lourds étaient sur les arbres à abricots, amandes, pêches, prunes et cerises. La majeur partie de la région plantée d'arbre à drupes, et de larges étendues plantées de pommier et de poirier étaient endommagés par les scolytes. Le dégâts par coléoptàres les plus répandus avaient lieu sur l'étendue montagneuse et la région de la côte sud, avec des dégâts sur approximativement 96 et 92% respectivement de l'aire échantillonnée tandis que la région montagneuse du nord était moins affectée. Les drupes sont plus susceptibles aux dégâts par scolytes que les pommes et les poires alors que les coings et les nàfles sont en fait résistants. Le niveau des dégâts semble être influencé par la gestion de la plantation, la résistance de la plante hôte à Capnodis spp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), les conditions climatiques et les conditions dans les parcelles entourant le verger.

Keywords

bark beetlesplantationsScolytus spp.Prunus spp.stone-fruitpome-fruitdamage assessmentscolytesplantationsScolytus spp.Prunus spp.drupepommeévaluation des dégâts
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 17 , Issue 2 , June 1997 , pp. 175 - 181
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1997

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