Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-pfhbr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T12:02:45.089Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Contribution à l'évaluation des potentialités d'Encarsia sp. (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) comme agent de lutte biologique contre la mouche blanche du cotonnier, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) au Burkina Faso

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2007

Olivier Gnankiné ,
Doulaye Traoré ,
Antoine Sanon ,
Remi Dabire  and
Patoin Albert Ouedraogo
Olivier Gnankiné*
Affiliation:
Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Programme Coton, BP 208 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso UFR/SVT, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
Doulaye Traoré
Affiliation:
Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Programme Coton, BP 208 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Antoine Sanon
Affiliation:
UFR/SVT, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
Remi Dabire
Affiliation:
Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles, Programme Coton, BP 208 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
Patoin Albert Ouedraogo
Affiliation:
UFR/SVT, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
*
*:Email: olgnankine@hotmail.com
Get access

Abstract

Encarsia sp. is the main solitary endoparasitoid developing on the larvae of the cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), in western Burkina Faso. The biological control potential of this parasitoid is currently under investigation. Studies of some population parameters and biological control assays have been undertaken in the laboratory and greenhouse. Encarsia sp. can develop on the four larval stages of B. tabaci obtained in our study conditions, 7 to 15 days after oviposition. The highest rates of parasitism were recorded on the third and fourth larval stages of B. tabaci. The duration of Encarsia development was shorter on the third and fourth than on the first and second instars. The emergence rate of the F1 generation was high (>80%) and seemed not to be related to the different host stages. The sex-ratio favoured females (6:1). Encarsia adults have a relatively short lifespan (<5 days) and males live twice as long as females. In experimental cages, parasitism levels fluctuated over time, and significantly increased with the number of parasitoids introduced. This study constitutes an important advance in assessing the potential of Encarsia sp. for biological control of B. tabaci in cotton crops in Burkina Faso.

Keywords

Bemisia tabaciEncarsia spendoparasitiodpopulation parametersreleasesbiological control
Type
Research Article
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 25 , Issue 4 , December 2005 , pp. 266 - 273
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahmed, A. H. M., Elhag, E. A., Bashir, N. H. H. (1987) Insecticide resistance in the cotton whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci Genn.) in the Sudan Gezira. Tropical Pest Management 33, 67–72CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anthony, B., Palaniswami, M. S. and Henneberry, T. J. (2003) Encarsia transvena (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) development on different Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) instars. Environmental Entomology 32, 584–591CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, J. K. (1994) Current status of Bemisia tabaci as a pest and virus vector in world agroecosystems. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 42, 3–32Google Scholar
Butler, G. D., Jr., et, Henneberry, T. J. (1985) Bemisia tabaci (Genn.), a pest of cotton in the south-western United States. US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Services Technical Bulletin 1707, 19 pp.Google Scholar
Byrne, D. N., Bellows, T. S. and Parrella, M. P. (1990) Whiteflies in agricultural systems Whiteflies: Their Bionomics, Pest Status and Management 227 – 262 Gerling D. Andover, UK InterceptGoogle Scholar
Cock, M. J. W. (1986) Possibilities for classical biological control, pp. 211–225. In Bemisia tabaci: A literature survey. (Edited by M. J. W. Cock, CAB/FAO).Google Scholar
Cock, M. J. W. (1993) Bemisia tabaci: An update 1986–1992 78 UK CAB, Silwood Park, Ascot, BerksGoogle Scholar
Costa, H. S., Brown, J. K., Sivasupramanian, S. and Bird, J. (1993) Regional distribution, insecticide resistance and reciprocal crosses between the A and B type of Bemisia tabaci. Insect Science and Its Application 14, 255–266Google Scholar
De Barro, P. J., Hart, P. J. and Morton, R. (2000) The biology of two Eretmocerus sp. (Haldeman) and three Encarsia sp. (Forster) and their potential as biological control agents of Bemisia tabaci biotype B in Australia. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 94, 93–102CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dittrich, V. Uk, S., Ernst G. H. (1990) Chemical control and insecticide resistance of whiteflies Whiteflies: Their Bionomics, Pest Status and Management 263 – 285 Gerling D. UK Intercept, AndoverGoogle Scholar
Eggenkamp-Rotteveel, Mansveld M. H., Van Lenteren, J. C., Ellenbroek, J. M. and Woets, J. (1982) The parasitoid-host relationship between Encarsia formosa (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). XII: Populations dynamics of parasite and host in large, commercial glasshouse and the test of the parasite-introduction method used in the Netherlands. Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 93, 113–130Google Scholar
Enkegaard, A. (1993) Encarsia formosa parasitizing the poinsettia-strain of the cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci on poinsettia: Bionomics in relation to temperature. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 69, 251–261Google Scholar
Fishpool, L. D. C., Van Helden, M., Van Helden, I., Fauquet, I. and Fargette, D. (1987) Monitoring Bemisia tabaci populations in cassava: Field counts and trap catches Proceedings of the International Seminar on African Cassava Mosaic Disease 64 – 76 CTA, Wageningen Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire 4–8 MayGoogle Scholar
Gameel, O. I. (1978) The cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) in Sudan Gezira Third Ciba-Geigy seminar on the strategy for cotton pest control in the Sudan 111 – 131 Basel, Switzerland Ciba Geigy 8–10 May 1978Google Scholar
Gauthier, N., Monge, J.-P. and Huignard, J. (1996) Superparasitism and host discrimination in the solitary ectoparasitoid Dinarmus basalis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 79, 91–99Google Scholar
Gerling, D. (1967) Bionomics of the whitefly parasite complex associated with cotton in Southern California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 60, 1306–1321CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerling, D. (1990) Natural enemies of whiteflies: Predators and parasitoids Whiteflies: Their Bionomics, Pest Status and Management 147 – 185 Gerling D. Andover, UK InterceptGoogle Scholar
Gerling, D., Spivak, D. and Vinson, S. B. (1987) Life history and host discrimination of Encarsia deserti [luteola ] (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 80, 224–229CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gnankiné, O. (2000) Evaluation de quelques composantes de la lutte intégrée contre la mouche blanche du cotonnier, Bemisia sp. (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) 71 Mémoire DEA, FAST, Université de OuagadougouGoogle Scholar
Gnankiné, O., Traore, D., Sanon, A. and Ouedraogo, A. P. (2004) Impact des traitements insecticides sur les ennemis naturels de Bemisia tabaci au Burkina Faso. Annales de l'Université de Ouagadougou 2, 225–242 Série CGoogle Scholar
Gomez, A. K. and Gomez, A. A. (1984) Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research 2nd Edition 680 Phillipines International Rice Research InstituteGoogle Scholar
Goolsby, J. A., Legaspi, J. C., Legaspi, B. C. and Wendel, J. (1996) Quarantine evaluation of exotic parasites of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Southwestern Entomologist 21, 13–21Google Scholar
Gregory, S. S., Oscar, P. J. M. (1994) Field-cage evaluation of augmentative biological control of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in Southern California cotton with the parasitoïd Eretmocerus nr. californicus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Environmental Entomology 23, 1552–1557Google Scholar
Hu, S. J., Gelman, D. B. and Blackburn, M. B. (2003) Age-specific interaction between the parasitoid Encarsia formosa and its host, the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Strain B) Journal of Insect Science 3 – 28Google Scholar
Kapadia, N. M. and Puri, S. N. (1990) Development, relative proportions and emergence of Encarsia transvena (Timberlake) and Eretmocerus mundus Mercet, important parasitoïds of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Entomology 15, 235–239Google Scholar
Kidd, N. and Jervis, M. (1996) Population dynamics Insect Natural Enemies: Practical Approaches to Their Study and Evaluation 293 – 374 Jervis M. Kidd N. New York, USA Chapman & HallCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk, A. A. and Lacey, L. A. (1996) A systematic approach to foreign exploration for natural enemies of Bemisia and some current results Bemisia 1995: Taxonomy, Biology, Damage, Control and Management Gerling D. Mayer R. T. Andover, UK InterceptGoogle Scholar
Kirk, A. A., Lacey, L. A., Roditakis, N. and Brown, J. K. (1993) The status of Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and their natural enemies in Crete. Entomophaga 31, 183–190CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lacey, L. A., Kirk, A. A. and Hennessey, R. D. (1993) Foreign exploration for natural enemies of Bemisia tabaci and implementation in integrated control programs in the United States Conférence Internationale sur les Ravageurs en Agriculture 351 – 360 Paris, France ANPP 7–9 DécembreGoogle Scholar
Nechols, J. R. and Tauber, M. J. (1977) Age-specific interaction between the greenhouse whitefly and Encarsia formosa: Influence of host on parasite oviposition and development. Environmental Entomology 6, 143–149CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oliveira, M. R. V., Henneberry, T. J. and Anderson, P. (2001) History, current status, and collaborative research projects for Bemisia tabaci. Crop Protection 20, 709–723Google Scholar
Onillon, J. C. (1990) The use of natural enemies for biological control of whiteflies Whiteflies: Their Bionomics, Pest Status and Management 287 – 313 Gerling D. Andover, UK InterceptGoogle Scholar
Prabhaker, N., Tosano, N. C., Perring, T. M., Nuessley, G., Kido, K. and Youngman, R. R. (1992) Resistance monitoring of the sweepotato whitefly (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in the Imperial valley of California. Journal of Economic Entomology 85, 1063–1068Google Scholar
Rumei, X. (1991) Improvements of the plant-pest-parasitoid (PPP) model and its application on whitefly- Encarsia population dynamics under different release methods. Journal of Applied Entomology 116, 199–211CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sas, Institute Inc. (1992–1998) STATVIEW for Windows, Version 5.0 Cary, North Carolina SAS Institute 27513Google Scholar
Schuster, D. J., Stansly, P. A. and Polston, J. E. (1996) Expressions of plant damage by Bemisia Bemisia 1995: Taxonomy, Biology, Damage, Control and Management 153 – 165 Gerling D. Mayer R. T. Andover, UK Intercept LtdGoogle Scholar
Schuster, D. J., Evans, G. A., Bennett, F. D., Stansly, P. A., Jansson, R. K., Leibee, G. L. and Webb, S. E. (1998) A survey of parasitoids of Bemisia sp. whiteflies in Florida, the Caribbean, and Central and South America. International Journal of Pest Management 44, 255–260CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharaf, N. and Batta, Y. (1985) Effect of some factors on the relationship between the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae) and the parasitoïd Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera, Aphelinae). Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie 99, 267–276Google Scholar
Szabo, P., van Lanteren, J. C., Huissman, P. W. T. (1993) Development time, survival and fecundity of Encarsia formosa on Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin 19, 171–174Google Scholar
Traoré, D. (1999) Rapport de la journée de concertation sur la mouche blanche au Burkina Faso. Mars 1999, Bobo-Dioulasso 18 Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso INERAGoogle Scholar
Van Vianen, A., van Lanteren, J. C. (1986) The parasite-host relationship between Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) XV. Oogenesis and oviposition of Encarsia formosa. Journal of Applied Entomology 102, 130–139CrossRefGoogle Scholar