Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-zzh7m Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T16:03:09.018Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Bionomics of the maize borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe), in Nepal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 September 2011

Fanindra P. Neupane ,
H. C. Coppel  and
R. K. Chapman
Fanindra P. Neupane
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A.
H. C. Coppel
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A.
R. K. Chapman
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A.
Get access

Abstract

In the Chitwan valley, Nepal, Chilo partellus preferred maize and sorghum over rice, teosinte, finger millet and sugar-cane. Infestation on young maize plants produced “dead hearts” and on older plants reduced growth and sometimes prevented cob formation. The yield reduction in some maize cultivars reached 60% and stem infestation levels reached 98%. Borers produced “dead hearts” in young and “whiteheads” in older rice plants.

The egg, larval and pupal periods from April through September lasted 4–5, 16–41 and 4–8 days, respectively. A complete generation took 28–48 days under summer field conditions and 192–233 days from October to May. Of the one egg, four larval and two pupal parasitoids, all hymenopterans, which were reared from C. partellus, the two most important were Trichogramma chilonis (70% egg parasitism) and Apanteles flavipes (30% larval parasitism).

Résumé

Dans la vallèe du Chitwan au Népal, le Chilo partellus a préféré le mais et le sorgho plus que le riz, le téosinte, le millet (finger millet) et la canne à sucre. L'infestation des jeunes plantes à produit des “dead hearts” et a réduit la croissance dans les plantes plus âgées et parfois empêchait la formation des épis. La réduction de la production de certains cultivars de mais a atteint 60% et les niveaux d'infestation des tiges à atteint 98%. Les rongeurs produisent des “dead hearts” dans les jeunes plantes de riz et des “white heads” dans les plantes plus âgées.

L'oeuf, les périodes larvaires et nymphales à partir d'avril jusqu'en septembre ont duré 4–5, 16–41 et 4–8 jours respectivement. Une génération complète a pris 24–28 jours dans les conditions d'été et 192–233 jours pendant la période octobre-mai. D'un oeuf, 4 parasitoides larvaires et 2 parasitoides nymphales, tous les hymnéoptères qui ont été élevés à partir du C. partellus, les 2 plus importants étaient Trichogramma chilomis (70% parasitisme de l'oeuf) et Apanteles flavipes (30% parasitisme larvaire).

Keywords

Chilo partellusmaize borerlife historybehaviourparasitismChilo partellusrongeur de maishistorique de la viecomportementparasitisme
Type
Research Articles
Information
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science , Volume 6 , Issue 4 , August 1985 , pp. 547 - 553
Copyright
Copyright © ICIPE 1985

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Banerjee, S. N. and Pramanik, L. M. (1967) The lepidopterous stalk borers of rice and their life cycles in the tropics. In The Major Insect Pests of the Rice Plant, pp. 103–124. John Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.Google Scholar
Caffrey, D. J. and Worthley, L. M. (1927) A progress report on investigations of the European corn borer. U.S.D.A. Bull. Vol. 1476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chadha, G. K. and Roome, R. E. (1980) Oviposition behavior and the sensilla of the ovipositor of Chilo partellus and Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Zool. Lond. 192, 169–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goncalves, L. (1970) The corn borer, Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Mozambique. Contribution for its study. Agron. Mocambicana 4, 293–246.Google Scholar
Gupta, B. D. (1940) The anatomy, life and seasonal histories of stripped moth-borers of sugarcane in north Bihar and West United Provinces. Indian J. agric. Sci. 10, 787–817.Google Scholar
Isaac, P. V. and Rao, K. V. (1941) A key for the identification of the larvae of the known lepidopterous borers of sugarcane in India based on morphological characters. Indian J. agric. Sci. II, 795–815.Google Scholar
Khan, B. M. (1970) Biology and control of maize stem borer (Chilo partellus Swinhoe) and other related species, if any, in Peshwar valley. J. agric. Res. 8, 329–331.Google Scholar
Kiritani, K. and Iwao, Y. (1967) The biology and life cycle of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) and Tryporyza (Schoenobius) incertulas (Walker) in temperate-climate areas. In The Major Insect Pests of the Rice Plant, pp. 45–101. Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.Google Scholar
Mathez, F. C. (1972) Chilo partellus Swinhoe, Chilo orichalcociliella Strand (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and Sesamia calamistis Hmps. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on maize in the costal province, Kenya. Schweiz, ent. Ges. Mitt. 45, 267–286.Google Scholar
Rahman, K. A. (1944) Biology and control of maize and jowar borer (Chilo zonellus Swinhoe). Indian J. agric. Sci. 14, 303–307.Google Scholar
Rawat, R. R. (1967) An estimation of population of Chilo zonellus (Swinhoe) in sorghum stubbles at Sehore (M.P.). Indian J. Ent. 29, 220–221.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. V. S. (1969) Biology of the stemborer, Chilo (zonellus) partellus S. on hybrid jowar (CSH-1), Sorghum vulgare Pers. Andhra agric. J. 16, 131–136.Google Scholar
Showers, W. B., Berry, E. C. and Kaster, L. von (1980) Management of 2nd-generation European corn borer by controlling moths outside the cornfield J. econ. Ent. 73, 88–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Siddig, S. A. (1972) Graminacious stem borers in the northern province of Sudan. I. Ecological studies. Z. angew. Ent. 71, 376–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, B., Dhaliwal, J. S., Battu, G. S. and Atwal, A. S. (1975) Population studies on the maize borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) in the Punjab. III. Role of parasitization by Apanteles flavipes (Cameron) in the population build-up. Indian J. Ecol. 2, 115–124.Google Scholar
Trehan, K. V. and Butani, D. K. (1949) Notes on life-history, bionomics and control of Chilo zonellus Swinhoe in Bombay Province. Indian J. Ent. 11, 47–59.Google Scholar