Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-q6k6v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T12:17:29.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

X-Ray Burst Sources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Fulvio Melia  and
Paul C. Joss
Fulvio Melia
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Center for Space Research, and Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
Paul C. Joss
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Center for Space Research, and Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Type I cosmic X-ray bursts are widely thought to result from thermonuclear flashes in the surface layers of accreting neutron stars. The thermonuclear-flash model is able to account for a wide variety of observed burst phenomena. However, a number of theoretical and observational problems persist. Foremost among these are related to the existence of apparent luminosities in excess of the Eddington limit in many observed bursts. Under circumstances of very high luminosity, the theoretical treatment of radiative transfer and radiatively driven mass loss at the neutron-star surface becomes complex. We discuss the current status of theoretical work in this area and the prospects for developing an understanding of the remaining phenomenological problems: (a) What is the nature of the precursor in some fast transients and of the twin-peak structure observed in some shorter bursts? (b) Do some bursts actually achieve super-Eddington luminosities, and if so, how? (c) What are the characteristics of quasi-static mass loss in the presence of such luminosities? (d) How is the color temperature related to the effective temperature? and, (e) What are the implications concerning the Galactic distance scale?

Type
6. X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Bursters
Information
International Astronomical Union Colloquium , Volume 89: Radiation Hydrodynamics in Stars and Compacts Objects , 1986 , pp. 282 - 304
Copyright
Copyright © Springer-Verlag 1986

References

1. Grindlay, J., Gursky, H., Schnopper, H. et al.: Ap. J. 205, L127 (1976)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Grindlay, J., and Heise, J.: IAU Circ. No. 2879 (1976)Google Scholar
3. Belian, R.D., Conner, J.P., and Evans, W.D.: Bull. Amer. Astron. Soc. 8, 396 (1976)Google Scholar
4. Belian, R.D., Conner, J.P., and Evans, W.D.: Ap. J. 206, L135 (1976)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5. Matsuoka, M.: “Type I X-Ray Bursts”, in Japan-U.S. Seminar on Galactic and Extragalactic Compact X-Ray Sources, ed. Tanaka, Y. and Lewin, W.H.G., pp. 45–60 (1985)Google Scholar
6. Lewin, W.H.G., and Joss, P.C.: Space Sci. Rev. 28, 3 (1981)Google Scholar
7. Lewin, W.H.G., and Joss, P.C.: “X-Ray Bursters and the X-Ray Sources of the Galactic Bulge”, in Accretion-Driven Stellar X-Ray Sources, ed. Lewin, W.H.G. and van den Heuvel, E.P.J. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge 1983), pp. 41–115 Google Scholar
8. Joss, P.C., and Rappaport, S.A.: Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 22, 537 (1984)Google Scholar
9. Hoffman, J.A., Lewin, W.H.G., Doty, J., Jernigan, J.G., Haney, M., Richardson, J.A.: Ap. J. Lett. 221, L67 (1978)Google Scholar
10. Swank, J.H., Becker, R.H., and Boldt, E.A.: Ap. J. Lett. 212, L73 (1977)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. White, N.E., Mason, K.O., Carpenter, G.F., Skinner, G.K.: M.N.R.A.S. 184, lp (1978)Google Scholar
12. Hoffman, J.A., Marshall, H.L., Lewin, W.H.G.: Nature 271, 630 (1978)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Bradt, H.V.D., and McClintock, J.E.: Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 21, 13 (1983)Google Scholar
14. Joss, P. C., and Rappaport, S.: Astron. Astrophys. 71, 217 (1979)Google Scholar
15. Kaluzienski, L.J., Holt, S.S., and Swank, J.H.: Ap. J. 241, 779 (1980)Google Scholar
16. Walter, F.M., Bowyer, S., Mason, K.O., Clarke, J.T., Henry, J.P., et al.: Ap. J. Lett. 253, L67 (1982)Google Scholar
17. White, N.E., and Swank, J.H.: Ap. J. Lett. 253, L61 (1982)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Bahcall, J.N., and Wolf, R.A.: Ap. J. 209, 214(1976)Google Scholar
19. Grindlay, J.E.: in ‘X-ray Astronomy with the Einstein Satellite’ (Proceedings of the HEAD/AAS Meeting, Cambridge, Massachusetts, January 1980), ed. Giacconi, R. (Reidel, Dodrecht 1980), p. 79 Google Scholar
20. Van Paradijs, J.: Ap. J. 234, 609 (1979)Google Scholar
21. Waki, I., et al.: Pub. Astron. Soc. Japan 36, 819 (1984)Google Scholar
22. Shapiro, S.L., and Teukolsky, S.A.: Black Holes, White Dwarfs and Neutron Stars (Wiley and Sons, New York 1983)Google Scholar
23. Woosley, S.E., and Taam, R.E.: Nature 263, 101 (1976)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Maraschi, L., and Cavaliere, A.: in Highlights in Astronomy, ed. Muller, E.A., 4(1), 127 (1977)Google Scholar
25. Joss, P. C.: Nature 270, 310 (1977)Google Scholar
26. Lamb, D.Q., and Lamb, F.K.: Ap. J. 220, 291 (1978)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27. Ayasli, S., and Joss, P. C.: Ap. J. 256, 637 (1982)Google Scholar
28. Oda, M., and Tanaka, Y.: Res. Note No. 150, Inst. Space Astronaut. Sci., Tokyo (1981)Google Scholar
29. Grindlay, J.E., Marshall, H., Hertz, P., Soltan, A., Weisskopf, R.F., et al.: Ap. J. Lett. 240, L121 (1980)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30. Lewin, W.H.G., Hoffman, J.A., Doty, J., et al.: Nature 267, 28 (1977)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31. Inoue, H., Koyama, K., Makishima, K., et al.: Ap. J. Lett. 250, L71 (1981)Google Scholar
32. Van Paradijs, J.: Astron. Astrophys. 107, 51 (1982)Google Scholar
33. Czerny, M., and Sztajno, M.: Acta. Astron. 33, 213 (1983)Google Scholar
34. London, R.A., Taam, R.E., and Howard, W.M.: Ap. J. Lett. 287, L27 (1984)Google Scholar
35. Madej, J., and Joss, P.C.: BAAS 16, 543 (1984)Google Scholar
36. Melia, F., and Joss, P.C.: Ap. J. in press (1985)Google Scholar
37. Wallace, R.K., Woosley, S.E., and Weaver, T.A.: Ap. J. 258, 696 (1982)Google Scholar
38. Ebisuzaki, T., Hanawa, T., and Sugimoto, D.: Pub. Astron. Soc. Japan 35, 17 (1983)Google Scholar
39. Kato, M.: Pub. Astr. Soc. Japan 35, 33 (1983)Google Scholar
40. Melia, F., and Joss, P.C.: in AIP Conference Proceedings No. 115, High Energy Transients in Astrophysics, ed. Woosley., S.E. (American Institute of Physics, New York 1984), pp. 330–333 Google Scholar
41. Quinn, T., and Paczynski, B.: Ap. J. 289, 634 (1985)Google Scholar
42. Joss, P.C., and Melia, F.: Ap. J. submitted for publication (1985)Google Scholar
43. Lewin, W.H.G., Vacca, W.D., and Basinska, E.M.: Ap. J. Lett. 277, L57 (1984)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
44. Tawara, Y., Hayakawa, S., Hirano, T., et al.: Ap. J. Lett, submitted for publication (1984)Google Scholar
45. Joss, P.C., and Li, F.K.: Ap. J. 238, 287 (1980)Google Scholar
46. Van Paradijs, J.: Astron. Astrophys. 101, 174 (1981)Google Scholar
47. Hanawa, T., and Sugimoto, D.: Pub. Astron. Soc. Japan 34, 1 (1982)Google Scholar
48. Paczynski, B.: Ap. J. 267, 315 (1983)Google Scholar
49. Van Paradijs, J., and Stollman, G.: Astron. Astrophys. 137, L12 (1984)Google Scholar
50. Melia, F.: Ap. J. Lett, submitted for publication (1985)Google Scholar
51. Ebisuzaki, T., and Nomoto, K.: “X-ray Spectra of Bursting Neutron Stars”, in Japan-U.S. Seminar on Galactic and JSxtragaJactic Compact X-ray Sources, ed. Tanaka, Y. and Lewin, W.H.G., pp. 101–107 (1985)Google Scholar
52. Fujimoto, M.Y.: Ap. J. Lett. 293, L19 (1985)Google Scholar
53. Joss, P.C.: Ap. J. Lett. 225, L123 (1978)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
54. Pinto, P.A., and Woosley, S.E.: Bull. AAS 15, 910 (1983)Google Scholar