¹ This paper has benefited from criticisms and suggestions made in the History Research seminars at the University of Wales, Lampeter and the University of East Anglia. In particular I would like to thank Janice Allan, Bob Eaglestone and Julian Thomas for comments at Lampeter and Tom Betteridge, Colin Davis and Vic Morgan at UEA. As the paper was being written I received a great deal of help from Mary Baker, Patrick Finney, Sue Pitt and the Inter-disciplinary group at Lampeter. The debt to the thinking and support of Janice Allan is too great to be acknowledged in footnotes.

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