Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-cfpbc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T06:39:00.268Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

First Results from the FUSE Mission

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 March 2016

George Sonneborn  and
H. Warren Moos
George Sonneborn
Affiliation:
NASA‘s Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, MD, USA. george.sonneborn@gsfc.nasa.gov
H. Warren Moos
Affiliation:
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. hwm@pha.jhu.edu

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) provides high-resolution spectroscopy at far ultraviolet (FUV) wavelengths (905–1187Å) of many astronomical objects in order to address fundamental questions related to the origin of the universe. FUSE, a cooperative project of the United States, Canada, and France, was launched in June 1999 for a three-year primary mission. The instrument sensitivity permits studies of many extragalactic sources at high spectral resolution. The key science drivers for the mission design are absorption-line spectroscopy of the ISM and IGM to investigate D/H, O VI, and molecular hydrogen abundances and distribution in the Galaxy and beyond to z ~ 0.3. Most of the observing time is available to Guest Investigators. This Joint Discussion summarizes some of the scientific results determined primarily from the first several months of FUSE observations.

Type
II. Joint Discussions
Information
Highlights of Astronomy , Volume 12: Highlights of Astronomy. As presented at the XXIVth General Assembly of the IAU, 2000 , 2002 , pp. 545 - 591
Copyright
Copyright © Astronomical Society of Pacific 2002

References

Ake, T.B., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L87 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Akeson, R.L. & Blitz, L. 1999, ApJ, 523, 163 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, M.M. 1994, ApJ, 424, 754 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armitage, P.J. & Livio, M. 1998, ApJ, 493, 898 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Audouze, J., Tinsley, B.M., 1976, ARA&A, 14, 43 Google Scholar
Bechtold, J., Weyman, R.J., Lin, Z., & Malkan, M.A. 1987, ApJ, 315, 180 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bechtold, J. 1993, in The Environment and Evolution of Galaxies, ed. Shull, J.M. & Thronson, H.A., Kluwer, p 559 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berghöfer, T.W., Bowyer, S., Lieu, R., & Knude, J. 1998, in The Local Bubble and Beyond, ed. Breitschwerdt, D., Freyberg, M. J, &Triimper, J. (Berlin:Springer), p. 61 Google Scholar
Bianchi, L., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L57 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bland-Hawthorn, J. et al. 1998, MNRAS, 299, 611 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blitz, L., Spergel, D., Teuben, P., Hartmann, D., & Burton, W.B. 1999, ApJ, 514, 818 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boesgaard, A.M., Steigman, G., 1985, ARA&A, 23, 319 Google Scholar
Bonnet-Bidaud, J.M., Mouchet, M., 1987, A&A, 188, 89 Google Scholar
Bookbinder, J., Walter, F., & Brown, A. 1992, in ASP Conf. Ser. 26, Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, ed. Giampapa, M.S. & Bookbinder, J.A. (San Francisco: ASP), 27 Google Scholar
Bregman, J. 1980, ApJ, 236, 577 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breitschwerdt, D., & Schmutzler, T. 1994, Nat., 371, 774 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burles, S., Tytler, D. 1998a, ApJ, 499, 699 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burles, S., Tytler, D. 1998b, ApJ, 507, 732 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burles, S., et al. 1999, Phys.Rev.Lett, 82, 4176 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, S.E., & Dalgarno, A. 1979, ApJ, 234, 765 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carruthers, G. 1970, ApJ, 161, L81 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cassé, M., & Vangioni-Flam, E. 1998, in Structure and Evolution of the Intergalactic Medium from QSO Absorption Line Systems, ed. Petitjean, P., & Charlot, S., 331 Google Scholar
Cassé, M., Vangioni-Flam, E. 2000, in Third Integral Workshop (ESA), Taormina, Sept. 1998, in pressGoogle Scholar
Collier Cameron, A. et al. 1999, MNRAS, 308, 493 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, D.P., & Reynolds, R.J. 1987, ARA&A, 25, 303 Google Scholar
Crenshaw, D.M., Kraemer, S.B., Boggess, A., Maran, S.P., Mushotzky, R.F., & Wu, C.C. 1999, ApJ, 516, 750 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowther, P.A., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L51 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Boer, K.S., Richter, P., Bomans, D.J., Heithausen, A., & Koornneef, J. 1998, A&A, 338, L5 Google Scholar
Dove, J.B., Shull, J.M. & Ferrara, A. 2000, ApJ, 531, 846 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupuis, J., Vennes, S., Bowyer, S., Pradhan, A.K., & Thejll, P. 1995, ApJ, 455, 574 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupree, A.K., & Raymond, J.C. 1983, ApJ, 275, L71 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupree, A.K., Young, P.R., & Ake, T.B. 2000, BAAS, in press.Google Scholar
Edgar, R.J., & Savage, B.D. 1989, ApJ, 340, 762 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fardal, M.A. Giroux, M.L., & Shull, J.M. 1998, AJ, 115, 2206 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Federman, S.R., Cardelli, J.A., van Dishoeck, E.F., Lambert, D.L. & Black, J.H. 1995, ApJ, 445, 325 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Federman, S.R., Strom, C.J., Lambert, D.L., Cardelli, J.A., Smith, V.V. & Joseph, C.L. 1994, ApJ, 424, 772 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferland, G.J., Korista, K.T., Verner, D.A., et al. 1998, PASP, 110, 761 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferlet, R. 1981, A&A, 98, Ll Google Scholar
Ferlet, R. 1999, A&A Rev., 9, 153 Google Scholar
Field, G.B., & Steigman, G. 1971, ApJ, 166, 59 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fransson, C., & Chevalier, R.A. 1985, ApJ, 296, 35 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frisch, P.C. 1995, Space Sci. Rev., 72, 499 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fullerton, A.W., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L43 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fullerton, A.W., Massa, D.., Willis, A.J., Howarth, I.D., Prinja, R.K., 2001, in preparationGoogle Scholar
Gardiner, L.T. 1999, in ASP Conf. Series 166, The Stromlo Workshop on High Velocity Clouds, ed. Gibson, B.K. & Putman, M.E., (San Francisco:ASP), 292 Google Scholar
George, I.M., Turner, T.J., Netzer, H., Nandra, K., Mushotzky, R.F., & Yaqoob, T. 1998, ApJS, 114, 73 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giallongo, E., Fontana, A. & Madau, P. 1997, MNRAS, 289, 629 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, B.K., Giroux, M.L., Penton, S.L., Stocke, J.T., & Shull, J.M. 2000, AJ, 120, 1830 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grady, C.A., Woodgate, B., Bruhweiler, F.C., Boggess, A., Plait, P., Lindler, D.J. Clampin, M., & Kalas, P. 1999, ApJ, 523, L151 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greeley, B., Blair, W., Long, K., Raymond, J., 1999, ApJ, 513, 491 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gry, C. 1996, Space Sci. Rev., 78, 239 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haardt, F. & Madau, P. 1996, ApJ, 461, 20 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, T.E., McNamara, B.J., Szkody, P., McArthur, B.E., Benedict, G.F., Klemola, A.R. & Gilliland, R.L. 1999, ApJ, 515, L93 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartquist, T.W., Pettini, M., & Tallant, A. 1984, ApJ, 276, 519 Google Scholar
Heiles, C. 1984, ApJS, 55, 585 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herreo, A., Puls, J., & Villamariz, M.R., 2000, A&A, 354, 193 Google Scholar
Hester, J.J., et al. 1996, AJ, 111, 2349 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hurwitz, M., Jelinsky, P. & Dixon, W.V.D. 1997, ApJ, 481, L31 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hurwitz, M., & Bowyer, S. 1996, ApJ, 446, 812 Google Scholar
Hurwitz, M., et al. 1998a, ApJ, 500, Ll Google Scholar
Hurwitz, M., et al. 1998b, ApJ, 500, L61 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ito, M., & Ikeuchi, S. 1988, PASJ, 40, 403 Google Scholar
Jaffe, A. II., et al. 2000, astro-ph/0007333Google Scholar
Jenkins, E.B. 1978a, ApJ, 219, 845 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, E.B. 1978b, ApJ, 220, 107 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, E.B., Gry, C., & Dupin, O. 2000, A&A, 354, 253 Google Scholar
Jenkins, E.B., Lees, J.F., van Dishoeck, E.F., & Wilcots, E.M. 1989, ApJ, 343, 785 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, E.B., Tripp, T.M., Wožniak, P.R., Sofia, U.J., Sonneborn, G. 1999, ApJ, 520, 182 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, E.B., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L81 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaastra, J.S., Mewe, R., Liedahl, D.A., Komossa, S., & Brinkman, A.C. 2000, A&A, 354, L931 Google Scholar
Kallman, T.R., Mukai, K., Schlegel, E.M., et al. 1996, ApJ, 466, 973 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaplinghat, M., Turner, M.S. 2000, astro-ph/0007454Google Scholar
Kaspi, S., Brandt, W.N., Netzer, H., Sambruna, R., Chartas, G., Garmire, G.P., & Nousek, J.A. 2000, ApJ, 535, L17 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriss, G.A., Davidsen, A.F., Zheng, W., Kruk, J.W., & Espey, B.R. 1995, ApJ, 454, L7 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriss, G.A., et al. 1992, ApJ, 392, 485 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriss, G.A., et al. 1996a, ApJ, 467, 622 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriss, G.A., et al. 1996b, ApJ, 467, 629 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriss, G.A., Peterson, B.M., Crenshaw, D.M., & Zheng, W. 2000a, ApJ, 535, 58 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriss, G.A., et al. 2000b, ApJ, 538, L17 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kruk, J.W., et al. 1995, ApJ, 454, Ll CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lallement, R. 1996, Space Sci. Rev., 78, 361 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lallement, R. 1998, in Proc. IAU Colloq. 166: The Local Bubble and Beyond, ed. Breitschwerdt, D., Freyberg, M.J., & Triimper, J. (Berlin: Springer), p. 19 Google Scholar
Lallement, R., & Bertin, P. 1992, A&A, 266, 479 Google Scholar
Lallement, R., & Ferlet, R. 1997, A&A, 324, 1105 Google Scholar
Lemoine, M., et al. 1996, A&A, 308, 601 Google Scholar
Lemoine, M., et al. 1999, New. Astron., 4, 231 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leitherer, C., Ferguson, H.C., Heckman, T.M. & Lowenthal, J.D. 1995, ApJ, 454, L19 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, D.N.C., Jones, B.F., & Klemola, A.R. 1995, ApJ, 439, 652 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linsky, J.L. 1996, Space Sci. Rev., 78, 157 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linsky, J., et al. 1995, ApJ, 451, 335 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Livio, M., Truran, J.W., 1994, ApJ, 425, 797 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, K.S., Blair, W.P. & Raymond, J.C. 1995, ApJ, 454, L39 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, K.S., et al. 1993, ApJ, 405, 327 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, K., et al. 1996, ApJ, 469, 841 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, K.S. & Gilliland, R.L. 1999, ApJ, 511, 916 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long, K.S. & Knigge, C. 1998, AAS Meeting, 193, 110305 Google Scholar
Lu, L., et al. 1998, AJ, 115, 162 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyu, C.H., & Bruhweiler, F.C. 1996, ApJ, 459, 216 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Madau, P. & Shull, J.M. 1996, ApJ, 457, 551 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marks, P.B., Sarna, M.J., 1998, MNRAS, 301, 699 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marscher, A.P., Moore, E.M. & Bania, T.M. 1993, ApJ, 419, L101 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Massa, D., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L47 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathur, S., Wilkes, B., & Elvis, M. 1995, ApJ, 452, 230 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathur, S., Wilkes, B., Elvis, M., & Fiore, F. 1994, ApJ, 434, 493 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mauche, C.W., Raymond, J.C., 1998, ApJ, 505, 869 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLachlan, A. & Nandy, K. 1984, MNRAS, 207, 355 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, D.M., Jura, M., & Cardelli, J.A. 1996, BAAS, 28, 892 Google Scholar
Meyer, D.M., Cardelli, J.A., Sofia, U.J. 1997, ApJ, 490, L103 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, D.M., Jura, M., Cardelli, J.A. 1998, ApJ, 493, 222 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mirabel, I.F. & Morras, R. 1984, ApJ, 279, 86 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, B. & Davis, M. 1994, MNRAS, 270, 209 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moos, H.W., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, Ll CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, E.M., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L35 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nollett, K.M., Burles, S. 2000, Phys.Rev.D, in press (astro-ph/0001440)Google Scholar
Olive, K., et al. 1990, Phys.Rev.Lett, B236, 454 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oort, J.H. 1970, A&A, 7, 381 Google Scholar
Pagel, B., et al. 1992, MNRAS, 255, 325 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penton, S.V., Shull, J.M., & Stocke, J. 2000, ApJ, 544, 150 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prantzos, N. 1996, A&A, 310, 106 Google Scholar
Putman, M.E. & Gibson, B.K. 1999, PASA, 16, 70 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Putman, M.E., et al. 1998, Nat., 394, 752 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quémerais, E., Bertaux, J.-L., Sandel, B.R., & Lallement, R. 1994, A&A, 290, 941 Google Scholar
Ramsay, G., Mason, K., Cropper, M., et al. 1994, MNRAS, 270, 692 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redfield, S., & Linsky, J.L. 2000, ApJ, 534, 825 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, C.S. 1997, MNRAS, 286, 513 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, P. deBoer, K.S., Widmann, H., Kappelmann, N., Gringel, W., Grewing, M., & Barnstedt, J. 1999, Nat., 402, 386 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richter, P., Savage, B.D., Wakker, B.P., Sembach, K.R., & Kalberla, P.M.W. 2000, ApJ, in pressGoogle Scholar
Roberge, A., et al. 2000, ApJ, 551, L97 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogerson, J., York, D. 1973, ApJ, 186, L95 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahnow, D.J., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L7 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sahu, M.S., et al. 1999, ApJ, 523, L159 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savage, B.D., Sembach, K.R., & Lu, L. 1997, AJ, 113, 2158 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savage, B.D., & Sembach, K.R. 1991, ApJ, 379, 245 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savage, B.D., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L27 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scully, S.T., Cassé, M., Olive, K. A., Vangioni-Flam, E. 1997, ApJ, 476, 521 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sembach, K.R., Howk, J. C, Savage, B.D., & Shull, J.M. 2001, ApJ, 561, 573 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sembach, K.R., Savage, B.D., & Hurwitz, M. 1999, ApJ, 524, 98 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sembach, K.R., Savage, B.D., & Tripp, T.M. 1997, ApJ, 480, 216 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sembach, K.R., Savage, B.D., Lu, L., & Murphy, E.M. 1995, ApJ, 451, 616 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sembach, K.R., Savage, B.D., Lu, L., & Murphy, E.M. 1999, ApJ, 515, 108 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sembach, K.R., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L31 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sfeir, D.M., Lallement, R., Crifo, F., & Welsh, B.Y. 1999, A&A, 346, 785 Google Scholar
Shapiro, P.R., & Field, G.B. 1976, ApJ, 205, 762 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shapiro, P.R., & Moore, R.T. 1976, ApJ, 207, 460 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shull, J.M., et al. 2000a, ApJ, 538, L13 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shull, J.M., et al. 2000b, ApJ, 538, L73 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shull, J.M., Roberts, D., Giroux, M.L., Penton, S.V. & Fardal, M.A. 1999, AJ, 118, 1450 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shull, J.M., & Slavin, J.D. 1994, ApJ, 427, 784 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silber, A., Bradt, H.V., Ishida, M. et al. 1992, ApJ, 389, 704 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sion, E.M. et al. 1997, ApJ, 483, 907 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slavin, J.D. 1989, ApJ, 346, 718 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slavin, J.D., Shull, J.M., & Begelman, M.C. 1993, ApJ, 407, 83 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snow, T.P., et al. 2000, ApJ, 538, L65 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snowden, S.L. 1998, in The Local Bubble and Beyond, ed. Breitschwerdt, D., Freyberg, M.J., & Triimper, J. (Berlin: Springer), p.103 Google Scholar
Snowden, S.L., Cox, D.P., McCammon, D., & Sanders, W.T. 1990, ApJ, 354, 211 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snowden, S.L., Freyberg, M.J., Kuntz, K.D., & Sanders, W.T. 2000, ApJS, 128, 171 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sofia, U.J., & Jenkins, E.B. 1998, ApJ, 499, 951 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Songaila, A., Cowie, L.L. & Lilly, S.J. 1990, ApJ, 348, 371 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sonneborn, G., et al. 2000, ApJ, 545, 277 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, L. 1956, ApJ, 124, 20 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, L. 1990, ARA&A, 28, 71 Google Scholar
Spitzer, L. 1996, ApJ, 458, L29 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spitzer, L., & Jenkins, E.B., 1975, ARA&A, 13, 133 Google Scholar
Steidel, C.C., Pettini, M. & Adelberger, K.L. 2000, ApJ, 546, 665 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockman, H.S., Schmidt, G.D. 1996, ApJ, 468, 883 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutherland, R.S., & Dopita, M.A. 1993, ApJS, 88, 253 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Szkody, P., Long, K.S., Sion, E.M. & Raymond, J.C. 1996, ApJ, 469, 834 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tripp, T., & Savage, B.D. 2000, ApJ, 542, 42 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tripp, T., Savage, B.D., & Jenkins, E.B. 2000, ApJ, 534, Ll CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tufte, S.L., Reynolds, R.J., & Haffner, L.M. 1998, ApJ, 504, 773 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tumlinson, J., Giroux, M.L., Shull, J.M. & Stocke, J.T. 1999, AJ, 118, 2148 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tumlinson, J., et al. 2001, ApJ, in pressGoogle Scholar
Tytler, D., et al. 1999, AJ 117, 63 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vallerga, J. 1998, ApJ, 497, 921 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangioni-Flam, E., Cassé, M. 1994, ApJ, 427, 618 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vangioni-Flam, E., Cassé, M. 1995, ApJ, 441, 471 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vidal-Madjar, A., et al. 1998, A&A, 338, 694 Google Scholar
Vidal-Madjar, A. 2000, in “The Light Elements and Their Evolution”, Natal, November 1999, ASP Conference Series, eds. da Silva, L. & de Medei-ros, in press, J.R. Google Scholar
Vilhu, O., Muhli, P., Huovelin, J., Hakala, P., Rucinski, S.M., & Collier Cameron, A. 1998, AJ, 115, 1610 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakker, B.P., Murphy, E.M., van Woerden, H., & Dame, T.M. 1997, ApJ, 488, 216 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakker, B.P. & van Woerden, H. 1997, ARA&A, 35, 217 Google Scholar
Wakker, B.P., et al. 1999a, Nat., 402, 388 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wakker, B.P., Savage, B.D., Oosterloo, T.A., & Putman, M.E. 1999b, in ASP Conf. Series 166, The Stromlo Workshop on High Velocity Clouds, ed. Gibson, B.K. & Putman, M.E., (San Francisco: ASP), 302 Google Scholar
Webb, J.K., et al. 1997, Nat. 388, 250 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welsh, B.Y., Sfeir, D.M., Sirk, M.M., & Lallement, R. 1999, A&A, 352, 308 Google Scholar
Widmann, H., et al. 1999, A&A, 338, L1 Google Scholar
Williamson, F.O., Sanders, W.T., Kraushaar, W.L., McCammon, D., Borken, R., & Bunner, A.N. 1974, ApJ, 193, L133 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolff, B., Koester, D., & Lallement, R. 1999, A&A, 346, 969 Google Scholar
Wood, B.E., & Linsky, J.L. 1997, ApJ, 474, L39 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
York, D.G. 1974, ApJ, 193, L127 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
York, D.G., et al. 1983, ApJ, 266, L55 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, P.R., Dupree, A.K., & Kenyon, T.B. 2000, BAAS, in press.Google Scholar
Zheng, W., Kriss, G.A., Telfer, R.C., Grimes, J.P., & Davidsen, A.F. 1997, ApJ, 475, 469 CrossRefGoogle Scholar