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The Temporal Limitation of Judicial Decisions: The Need for Flexibility Versus the Quest for Uniformity

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

Sarah Verstraelen

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Although the temporal effects of judicial decisions have not completely escaped the attention of academic reviewers, the research on this topic is far from thorough. Most research focuses on the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), thereby ignoring the temporal effects of judicial decisions of national or constitutional courts. This lack of interest is remarkable given the interaction between the national and European level.

Type
Articles
Information
German Law Journal , Volume 14 , Issue 9 , 01 September 2013 , pp. 1687 - 1730
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Copyright © 2013 by German Law Journal GbR 

References

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84 Id. §§ 78, 79.Google Scholar

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122 Id. § 45(4).Google Scholar

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136 See Conseil constitutionnel [CC] [Constitutional Court] decision No. 2010–83, Jan. 13, 2011, J.O. 881 (Fr.).Google Scholar

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143 This, however, does not exclude national judges to refer questions of interpretation to the CJEU, even if they already were the subject of a preliminary ruling in a similar case. See Case C-30/62, Da Costa & Schaake v. Netherlands Inland Revenue Admin., 1963 E.C.R special edition 00031; Cases C-332/92, C-333/92 and C-335/92, Eurico Italia v. Ente Nazionale Risi, 1994 E.C.R. I-00711, para. 15; Case C-453/00, Kühne & Heitz v. Productschap voor Pluimvee en Eieren, 2004 E.C.R. I-00837; Barents, supra note 49, at 338–39; René Barents, Directory of EU Case Law on the Preliminary Ruling Procedure 262 (2009); Chalmers et al., supra note 140, at 171.Google Scholar

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151 See e.g. Case 145/79, Roquette Frères v. Administration des douanes, 1980 E.C.R. 02917; Case 112/83, Société des produits de maïs SA v. Admin. des douanes et droits indirects, 1985 E.C.R. 00719; Case C-33/84, Fragd v. Amministrazione delle finanze dello Stato, 1985 E.C.R 01605; Case 41/84, Pietro Pinna v. Caisse d'allocations familiales de la Savoie, 1986 E.C.R. 00001; Case C-333/07, Société Régie Networks v. Direction de contrôle fiscal Rhône-Alpes Bourgogne, 2008 E.C.R. I-10807.Google Scholar

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158 See e.g. Case 61/79, Amministrazione delle finanze dello Stato v. Denkavit italiana Srl, 1980 E.C.R. 01205; Cases 66/79, 127/79 & 128/79, Amministrazione delle finanze dello Stato v. Salumi a.o., 1980 E.C.R. 01237; Case C-57/93, Anna Adriaantje Vroege v. NCIV Instituut voor Volkshuisvesting BV & Stichting Pensioenfonds NCIV, 1994 E.C.R. I-04541; Case C-292/04, Meilicke v. Finanzamt Bonn-Innenstadt, 2007 E.C.R. I-01835.Google Scholar

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164 See Case C-475/03, Banca popolare di Cremona Soc. coop. arl v. Agenzia Entrate Ufficio Cremona, 2006 E.C.R. I-09373, at para. 181 (Opinion of Advocate General Stix-Hackl); Case C-292/04, Meilicke v. Finanzamt Bonn-Innenstadt, 2007 E.C.R. I-01835, at para. 14 (Opinion of Advocate General Stix-Hackl); Wiedmann, supra note 1, at 199.Google Scholar

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175 See Sportwettengesetz Nordrhein-Westfalen [Act on Bets on Sporting Competitions of North Rhine Westphalia], May, 3, 1955, SGV NRW 7126, art. 1(1) (Ger.).Google Scholar

176 Formerly articles 43 and 49, respectively, of the Treaty Establishing the European Community.Google Scholar

177 See Case C-409/06, Winner Wetten v. Bürgemeisterin der Stadt Bergheim, 2010 E.C.R. I-08015, paras. 53–61.Google Scholar

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180 The national legislation at issue did not effectively contribute to limiting betting activities in a consistent and systematic manner. See Case C-409/06, Winner Wetten v. Bürgemeisterin der Stadt Bergheim, 2010 E.C.R. I-08015, paras. 62–69.Google Scholar

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198 See Conseil d'État [CE] [Council of State] Jan. 18, 2011, Inter-Environnement Wallonie, No. 210.483, available at http://www.raadvst-consetat.be/Arrets/220000/900/220914.pdf#xml=http://www.raadvst-consetat.be/apps/dtsearch/getpdf.asp?DocId=22339&Index=c%3a\software\dtsearch\index\arrets_fr\&HitCount=14&hits=1fc+1fd+62c+62d+785+786+859+85a+985+986+e58+e59+f98+f99+&0846272013410 (Belg.).Google Scholar

199 See Case C-41/11, Inter-Environnement Wallonie ASBL & Terre wallonne ASBL v. Région Wallonne, 2012 E.C.R. 00000, paras. 16–47 (Opinion of Advocate General Kokott); Case C-41/11, Inter-Environnement Wallonie ASBL & Terre wallonne ASBL v. Région Wallonne, 2012 E.C.R. 00000, paras. 39–63.Google Scholar

200 See Case C-41/11, Inter-Environnement Wallonie ASBL & Terre wallonne ASBL v. Région Wallonne, 2012 E.C.R. 00000, paras. 32–47 (Opinion of Advocate General Kokott).Google Scholar

201 Id. at para. 37.Google Scholar

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203 Article 14ter states: “Where the Council so deems necessary, it shall, by a general ruling, specify which effects of the nullified provisions of administrative regulations are to be considered maintained or be provisionally maintained for the period appointed by the Council”. See Sarah Verstraelen, Artikel 14ter RvS-wet als alternatief voor legislatieve validatie? Of hoe het ene probleem door het andere vervangen wordt, 2 Tijdschrift voor Bestuurswetenschappen en Publiekrecht [TBP] 100, 100–13 (2012); Verstraelen, supra note 81, at 356–60.Google Scholar

204 See Lock, supra note 202, at 222–23.Google Scholar

205 See Cases C-105/09 and C-110/09, Terre wallonne ASBL & Inter-Environnement Wallonie ASBL v. Région wallonne, 2010 E.C.R. I-05611.Google Scholar

206 See Verstraelen, , supra note 81, at 358–59.Google Scholar

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208 See Cases C-186/11 and C-209/11, Stanleybet & Sportingbet v. Ypourgos Oikonomias kai Oikonomikon, 2013 E.C.R. 00000, paras. 70–71 (Opinion of Advocate General Mazák).Google Scholar

209 Lock, supra note 202, at 227–29.Google Scholar

210 See also Adinolfi, Adelina, The “Procedural Autonomy” of Member States and the Constraints Stemming from the ECJ's Case Law: Is Judicial Activism Still Necessary?, in The European Court of Justice and the autonomy of the member states 281, 291–96 (Hans W. Micklitz & Bruno De Witte eds., 2012).Google Scholar