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On Canadian Caverns

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 March 2016

George D. Gibb
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Extract

On passing the interesting group of islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, known as the Magdalens, the observer is struck with their beautiful and picturesque appearance, which is suddenly presented to his view. The cliffs, which vary in height, present equally various colours, in which the shades of red predominate; these, contrasted with the yellow of the sand-bars, and the green pastures of the hill-sides, the darker green of the spruce trees, and the blue of sea and sky, produce an effect, as Captain Bayfield describes, extremely beautiful, and one which distinguishes these islands from anything else in the Gulf. Such an agreeable picture it has been my own good fortune to witness and admire. The striking feature in their formation is the dome-shaped hills rising in the centre of the group, and attaining a height of from two hundred to five hundred and eighty feet. They are composed of the Triassic or New Red Sandstone formation, which forms their base, being surmounted or topped by masses of trap rocks.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Geologist , Volume 3 , Issue 5 , May 1860 , pp. 161 - 179
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1860

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References

Notes

page 162 note * Both islands are composed of the great mass of conglomerate, belonging to the lower carboniferous series, which here caps the Devonian rocks, and is made up of pebbles of all the rooks, from the old Laurentian of the north shore of the Qui of St. Lawrence to the Devonian.— Professor Dawson's “ Week in Qaape.” Canad. Nat. and Geol. Oct., 1858.

page 163 note * Geol. Survey of Canada. Report of Progress for 1844.

page 164 note * Geol. Survey of Canada. Report for 1844.

page 165 note * Geol. Survey of Canada. Report for 1856.

page 166 note * Geological Survey of Canada, Report for 1844.

page 166 note † Geological Survey of Canada, Report for 1846–6.

page 168 note * See Henry's Travels and Adventures.

page 169 note * Geography and Geology of Lake Superior, by Dr. Bigsby, Tran. Geol. Soc., ser. 2, vol. i.

page 170 note * Geography and Geology of Lake Superior, by Dr. Bigsby, Tran. Geol. Soc., Ser. 2, vol. i.

page 170 note † Idem.

page 170 note ‡ Agaasiz, Lake Superior, p. 93

page 171 note * Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, vol. ii., p. 4 Google Scholar.

page 173 note * Trans. Lit. and His. Soo. of Quebec, vol. i. In Lieutenant Baddeley's paper, Castle Keep Bock is the name given to Castle Island, and Henley Island is erroneously called Saddle Island. There is a Saddle Island in Bed Bay, some miles to the westward of York Point.

page 173 note ‡ Geol. Surrey of New Brunswick. By Abraham Qesner, St. John, 1839.

page 173 note ‡ Sailing directions of the Gulf and Biver St. Lawrence.

page 175 note * Geol. Survey of Canada. Report for 1849–50.

page 175 note † Amer. Jour, of Science, vol. v., p. 212. 1822 Google Scholar.

page 176 note * Tran. Lit. and His. Soc. of Quebec, vol. i.

page 178 note * The association of my name with this cavern by a friend is my excuse for retaining it here.