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Vertebrate microremains from the upper Silurian Winnica Formation of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 August 2017

OSKAR BREMER ,
GRZEGORZ NIEDŹWIEDZKI ,
HENNING BLOM ,
MAREK DEC  and
WOJCIECH KOZŁOWSKI
OSKAR BREMER*
Affiliation:
Uppsala University, Department of Organismal Biology, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
GRZEGORZ NIEDŹWIEDZKI
Affiliation:
Uppsala University, Department of Organismal Biology, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
HENNING BLOM
Affiliation:
Uppsala University, Department of Organismal Biology, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
MAREK DEC
Affiliation:
Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw, Poland
WOJCIECH KOZŁOWSKI
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
*
†Author for correspondence: oskar.bremer@ebc.uu.se
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Abstract

Vertebrate microremains from the upper Silurian Winnica Formation in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland are described from the Winnica and Rzepin sections. Both sites record the uppermost part of the Słupianka Member, but represent different depositional environments. The Winnica samples come from a low-energy environment, while the Rzepin sample was taken from a high-energy, oolitic facies. Both sites contain thelodonts Thelodus parvidens, Thelodus trilobatus, an anaspid cf. Liivilepis and a number of acanthodian scales of ‘nostolepid’, poracanthodid and ‘gomphonchid’ types. Notable differences between the sites are the addition of the osteostracan Tahulaspis cf. ordinata, the thelodont Paralogania ludlowiensis and acanthodian scales identified as Nostolepis gracilis in the Rzepin section. Placing the vertebrate faunas within the vertebrate biozonation established for the Silurian proved difficult. The suggested late Ludlow age for the Słupianka Member based on sequence stratigraphical and chemostratigraphical correlations cannot be definitely confirmed or refuted, but a late Ludfordian age seems the most plausible based on invertebrate and vertebrate faunas. The much lower abundance of poracanthodid acanthodians in the Rzepin sample supports the notion of Poracanthodes porosus Zone as a deep-water equivalent to a number of vertebrate biozones. The presence of P. ludlowiensis only in the oolitic sample confirms a long temporal range, but restricted environmental distribution for this taxon.

Keywords

vertebrate microremainslate LudfordianHoly Cross Mountainsenvironmental preferencesvertebrate biozonation
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 155 , Issue 7 , October 2018 , pp. 1523 - 1541
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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