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Mineralization of Luziyuan Pb–Zn skarn deposit, Baoshan, Yunnan Province, SW China: evidence from petrography, fluid inclusions and stable isotopes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 January 2018

YU-LONG YANG ,
LIN YE ,
TAN BAO ,
WEI GAO  and
ZHEN-LI LI
YU-LONG YANG
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
LIN YE*
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China
TAN BAO
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
WEI GAO
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
ZHEN-LI LI
Affiliation:
State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
*
†Author for correspondence: yelin@vip.gyig.ac.cn
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Abstract

The Luziyuan Pb–Zn skarn deposit, located in the Baoshan–Narong–Dongzhi block metallogenic belt in SW China, is hosted by marble and slate in the upper Cambrian Shahechang Formation. Three skarn zones have been identified from the surface (1495 m above sea level (asl)) to a depth of 1220 m asl: zone 1 consists of chlorite–actinolite–calcite–quartz, zone 2 of rhodonite–actinolite–fluorite–quartz–calcite, and zone 3 contains garnet–rhodonite–actinolite–fluorite–quartz–calcite. The deposit formed in four distinct mineralization stages: an early anhydrous skarn (garnet, rhodonite and bustamite) stage (Stage 1), a hydrous skarn (actinolite and chlorite) stage (Stage 2), an early quartz (coarse barren quartz veins) stage (Stage 3) and a late sulphide-forming (fine sulphide-bearing quartz veins) stage (Stage 4). The Stage 1 skarn-forming fluid temperature was at least 500 °C according to the geothermometer with rhodonite/bustamite trace elements measured by laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). A decrease in ore fluid temperatures with time is consistent with the decreases in the δ18Ofluid and δDfluid values from Stage 3 to 4. This trend suggests that the ore fluid was mainly derived from magmatic water and mixed with large amounts of meteoric water during mineralization. The δ34S values of Stage 4 chalcopyrite, sphalerite and galena are similar to those of an Ordovician gypsum layer, and together with the high-salinity fluids in Stage 4 indicate the dissolution of evaporites in the Luziyuan region. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the Luziyuan deposit is a distal Pb–Zn skarn deposit that formed in response to multi-stage alteration associated with a combination of magmatic water and meteoric water.

Keywords

rhodonitefluid inclusionstable isotopesore-forming fluidLuziyuan distal Pb–Zn skarn depositsouthwest China
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 4 , April 2019 , pp. 639 - 658
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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