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Founders of Seismology.—III. John Milne

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

Charles Davison
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Extract

During the period of about ten years which included that of Mallet's death—say, five years before and five after—the study of earthquakes made rapid progress. Among the more prominent contributors were M. S. de Rossi and G. Mercalli in Italy, F. A. Forel and A. Heim in Switzerland, E. Suess in Austria, J. F. J. Schmidt in Greece, T. Oldham in India, and C. G. Rockwood and C. E. Dutton in the United States. Their work, however, was mainly carried out on the old lines. For the introduction of new methods of study and of a new spirit infused into seismology, we are indebted to the small band of early British teachers in Japan, to J. A. Ewing, T. Gray, and, above all, to J. Milne. In the new epoch, now opening, when seismology demanded the whole energy of its supporters as well as their active co-operation, it is not, I think, too much to claim that Milne lifted the science to an altogether different and higher plane.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 58 , Issue 9 , September 1921 , pp. 385 - 396
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1921

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References

page 386 note 1 In the following pages these will be referred to as Trans., Journ., and Rep., respectively.

page 386 note 2 For the above biographical details I am indebted chiefly to articles in the Geol. Mag., 1912, pp. 337–46 (with portraits), Proc. Roy. Soc., vol.89, 1914, pp. 22–25;.Google Scholar Bull. Seis. Soc. America, vol. 2, 1912, pp. 2–7.Google Scholar

page 387 note 1 Trans., vol. I, pt. 2, 1880, pp. 1–116; vol. 2, 1880, pp. 50–96;Google Scholar see also Phil. Mag., vol. 43, 1897, pp. 33–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 389 note 1 Trans., vol. 10, 1887, pp. 1–36; vol. 12, 1888, pp. 63–6, 67–75; vol. 13, 1890, pp. 41–89.Google Scholar

page 390 note 1 Milne's catalogue of great Japanese earthquakes has been superseded by “The Earthquake Investigation Committee Catalogue of Japanese Earthquakes”, compiled under the superintendence of the late S. Sekiya (Journ.Coll. Sci., Imp. Univ., Tokyo, vol. 11, 1899, pp. 315–88, with a discussion by F. Omori, pp. 389–437).Google Scholar

page 390 note 2 Trans., vol. 3, 1881, pp. 65–102; vol. 4, 1882, pp. 1–30; vol. 7, pt. 2, 1884, pp. 1–87;Google Scholar Journ., vol. 4, 1895, pp. i–xxi, 1–367.Google Scholar

page 390 note 3 Another method of representing the distribution of these earthquakes is illustrated in the Geogr. Journ., vol. 10, 1897, pp. 530–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 391 note 1 Journ., vol. 4, 1895, pp. xiv–xvii.Google Scholar

page 391 note 2 Rep. Brit. Assoc., 1911, pp. 649–740.Google Scholar

page 392 note 1 Rep., 1900, pp. 107–108; 1903, pp. 78–80; 1906, pp. 97–9; 1908, pp. 78–9; 1909, pp. 56–8; 1910, pp. 54–5; 1911, pp. 32–5, 36–8; 1912, pp. 92–4.Google Scholar

page 394 note 1 Since 1902, many hundreds of new observations have been collected, and these have naturally modified Milne's curves and the tables founded on them.The latest and most trustworthy tables are those prepared by Turner and published in the Circulars issued by the Seismologieal Committee. The bearing of the time-curves and especially that of the second preliminary tremors, on the constitution of the earth, has been discussed by several writers, especially R. D. Oldham (Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. 62, 1906, pp. 456–73) and C. G. Knott (Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. 39, 1919, pp. 157–208).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

page 395 note 1 Trans., vol. 1, pt. 2, 1880, pp. 64–85; vol. 2, 1880, pp. 27–38; vol. 11, 1887, pp. 115–74; vol. 14, 1889, pp. 1–246; vol. 15, 1890, pp. 163–9.Google Scholar

page 395 note 2 Trans., vol. 7, pt. 1, 1883–1884, pp. 1–15; vol. 11, 1887, pp. 1–78; vol. 13, 1890, pp. 7–20; Rep., 1895, pp. 27–31.Google Scholar

page 396 note 1 Geogr. Journ., vol. 10, 1897, pp. 129–46, 259–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar