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Doublefoot: a new mouse mutant affecting development of limbs and head

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Mary F. Lyon ,
R. Quinney ,
P. H. Glenister ,
S. Kerscher ,
P. Guillot  and
Y. Boyd
Mary F. Lyon*
Affiliation:
Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORD, UK
R. Quinney
Affiliation:
Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORD, UK
P. H. Glenister
Affiliation:
Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORD, UK
S. Kerscher
Affiliation:
Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORD, UK
P. Guillot
Affiliation:
Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORD, UK
Y. Boyd
Affiliation:
Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxfordshire 0X11 ORD, UK
*
* Corresponding author.
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The mutant doublefoot, Dbf, of the mouse arose spontaneously, and was shown to be inherited as an autosomal dominant, mapping 9–13 cM proximal to leaden, ln, on chromosome 1 and showing no recombination with the microsatellite markers D1Mit24 and D1Mit77. In heterozygotes the phenotype includes many extra toes on all four feet, and the tibia and fibula may be reduced and bowed. The head is shortened and broad and the eyes are held half-closed, and some animals develop hydrocephalus. The tail is kinked and abnormally thick, and the soles of the feet are swollen. Growth is retarded, viability is reduced, and reproduction is impaired in both sexes. Only about 30 % of males are normally fertile, and testis weights and sperm counts may be reduced, although this appears not to be the main cause of poor fertility. In females vaginal opening is delayed and oestrous cycles are irregular, although the animals appear to respond to gonadotrophic hormones. Crosses of Dbf/ + × Dbf/ + are very poorly fertile. Prenatally, Dbf/ + heterozygotes can first be recognized at 11½ days gestation by abnormally broad fore limb buds. Putative Dbf/Dbf homozygotes at 12½ days have similar limbs defects and also split face, due to failure of the maxillae to fuse in the midline. Some homozygotes and a few putative heterozygotes have cranioschisis. At 13½ days, the heads of homozygotes tend to bulge in the frontal region and a bleb of clear fluid is visible medially. At 14½ days Dbf/Dbf fetuses may have oedema and some are dead. From 15½ days onwards no live Dbf/Dbf fetuses have been found. The gene maps close to the locus of Pax3, but crossovers between Dbf and Pax3 have been found, ruling out the possibility that a gain-of-function mutation in Pax3 might be involved.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , December 1996 , pp. 221 - 231
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

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