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Toxic effects of neem seed cake on the larval-pupal (prepupal) stage of Mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 September 2011

Márcio A. Silva ,
Clarice D. Alvarenga ,
Gerane C.D. Bezerra-Silva ,
Thiago Mastrangelo ,
Gleidyane N. Lopes-Mielezrski  and
Terezinha Giustolin
Márcio A. Silva*
Affiliation:
Dep. Entomol. Acarol., Esc. Sup. Agric. Luiz de Queiroz, Univ. São Paulo, CP 9, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Clarice D. Alvarenga
Affiliation:
Dep. Ciênc. Agrár., Univ. Estadual Montes Claros, CP 91, 39440-000, Janaúba, MG, Brazil
Gerane C.D. Bezerra-Silva
Affiliation:
Dep. Entomol. Acarol., Esc. Sup. Agric. Luiz de Queiroz, Univ. São Paulo, CP 9, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Thiago Mastrangelo
Affiliation:
Cent. Energ. Nucl. Agric., Univ. São Paulo, CP 96, 13400-970, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Gleidyane N. Lopes-Mielezrski
Affiliation:
Dep. Entomol. Acarol., Esc. Sup. Agric. Luiz de Queiroz, Univ. São Paulo, CP 9, 13418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
Terezinha Giustolin
Affiliation:
Dep. Ciênc. Agrár., Univ. Estadual Montes Claros, CP 91, 39440-000, Janaúba, MG, Brazil
*
∗ Correspondence and reprints
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Abstract

Introduction. Traditionally the control of fruit flies is based on the use of pesticides, which increase production costs and have led to many environmental concerns. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of neem cake on the larval and pupal stages of Ceratitis capitata. Materials and methods. Third instar larvae were transferred to plastic vials with neem cake in different proportions. The treatments consisted of vermiculite with neem cake in the concentrations: control (vermiculite only), then (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100)% of neem seed cake. The bioassay was completely randomized, with six treatments, ten replicates and ten third instar larvae per replicate. The results were statistically analyzed. Results. At concentrations of 75% or more of neem cake in vermiculite, practically no adult flies emerged. At 50%, more than 80% of the adults did not emerge and the pupal period was prolonged. The sex ratio of the adults was not affected after the contact of the pupae with the neem cake. The estimated lethal concentrations to kill 50% and 90% of the population were 30.6% and 51.6%, respectively. Conclusion. The neem seed cake has contact actions against the larval-pupal stage of C. capitata. Neem seed cake in the pupation substrate can cause high mortality when its concentration is 50% or more, and it prolongs the delay of the pupal period of C. capitata.

Keywords

BrazilAzadirachta indicaCeratitis capitataTephritidaeinsect controlbotanical pesticidesbiological controlBrésilAzadirachta indicaCeratitis capitataTephritidaelutte anti-insectepesticide d’origine végétalelutte biologiqueBrasilAzadirachta indicaCeratitis capitataTephritidaecontrol de insectosplaguicidas de origen vegetalcontrol biológico
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 66 , Issue 5 , September 2011 , pp. 363 - 369
Copyright
© 2011 Cirad/EDP Sciences

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