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What Have Genetics Ever Done for Us? The Implications of aDNA Data for Interpreting Identity in Early Neolithic Central Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Daniela Hofmann
Daniela Hofmann*
Affiliation:
Archäologisches Institut, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
*
[email: daniela.hofmann@uni-hamburg.de]
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Abstract

This paper is concerned with the impact of ancient DNA data on our models of the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition in central Europe. Beginning with a brief overview of how genetic data have been received by archaeologists working in this area, it outlines the potential and remaining problems of this kind of evidence. As a migration around the beginning of the Neolithic now seems certain, new research foci are then suggested. One is renewed attention to the motivations and modalities of the migration process. The second is a fundamental change in attitude towards the capabilities of immigrant Neolithic populations to behave in novel and creative ways, abilities which in our transition models were long exclusively associated with hunter-gatherers.

Cet article porte sur l'impact des données sur l'ADN ancien sur nos modèles de transition Mésolithique/Néolithique en Europe centrale. Après une brève vue d'ensemble montrant comment les données génétiques ont été accueillies par les archéologues travaillant dans ce domaine, nous décrivons le potentiel de et les problèmes inhérents à ce genre de preuve. Comme il semble certain à ce point qu'il y ait eu une migration autour du début du Néolithique, nous suggérons de nouveaux objectifs de recherche, comme d'abord une attention renouvelée aux motivations et modalités du processus de migration et ensuite un changement fondamental d'attitude envers les capacités des populations immigrantes néolithiques de se comporter de manière innovative et créative. Dans nos modèles de transition ces compétences étaient pendant longtemps exclusivement associées aux chasseurs-cueilleurs. Translation by Isabelle Gerges.

Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dem Einfluss von aDNA-Daten auf unsere Modelle des Übergangs vom Mesolithikum zum Neolithikum in Mitteleuropa. Nach einem kurzen Überblick, wie genetische Daten von Archäologen auf diesem Feld zur Kenntnis genommen wurden, umreißt er das Potential und verbleibende Probleme dieser Quellengattung. Da eine Wanderungsbewegung um den Beginn des Neolithikums mittlerweile sicher scheint, werden daraus resultierende neue Forschungsschwerpunkte formuliert. Einer von ihnen ist die erneute Zuwendung zu Fragen von Motivationen und Modalitäten des Migrationsprozesses. Der zweite Aspekt berührt die fundamentale Änderung unserer Einstellung zu den Möglichkeiten der einwandernden neolithischen Gemeinschaften, auf neuartige und kreative Weise zu agieren – Fähigkeiten, die in unseren Übergangsmodellen lange ausschließlich mit Jägern und Sammlern verbunden waren. Translation by Heiner Schwarzberg.

Keywords

Linearbandkeramik (LBK)Mesolithic–Neolithic transitionaDNAmigrationdiversityburial ritesLinearbandkeramik (LBK)transition Mésolithique/NéolithiqueADN ancienmigrationdiversitérites funérairesLinearbandkeramik (LBK)Übergang vom Mesolithikum zum NeolithikumaDNAMigrationDiversitätBestattungssitten
Type
Articles
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , 2015 , pp. 454 - 476
Copyright
Copyright © 2015 the European Association of Archaeologists 

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