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Time domain simulation of a piano. Part 1: model description

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2014

J. Chabassier ,
A. Chaigne  and
P. Joly
J. Chabassier
Affiliation:
Magique 3D team, Inria Sud Ouest, 200 avenue de la vieille tour, 33405 Talence cedex, France
A. Chaigne
Affiliation:
UME ENSTA, Chemin de la hunière, 91761 Palaiseau, France
P. Joly
Affiliation:
POems team, Inria Rocquencourt, domaine de Voluceau, BP 105, 78153 Le Chesnay, France. patrick.joly@inria.fr
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Abstract

The purpose of this study is the time domain modeling of a piano. We aim at explaining the vibratory and acoustical behavior of the piano, by taking into account the main elements that contribute to sound production. The soundboard is modeled as a bidimensional thick, orthotropic, heterogeneous, frequency dependent damped plate, using Reissner Mindlin equations. The vibroacoustics equations allow the soundboard to radiate into the surrounding air, in which we wish to compute the complete acoustical field around the perfectly rigid rim. The soundboard is also coupled to the strings at the bridge, where they form a slight angle from the horizontal plane. Each string is modeled by a one dimensional damped system of equations, taking into account not only the transversal waves excited by the hammer, but also the stiffness thanks to shear waves, as well as the longitudinal waves arising from geometric nonlinearities. The hammer is given an initial velocity that projects it towards a choir of strings, before being repelled. The interacting force is a nonlinear function of the hammer compression. The final piano model is a coupled system of partial differential equations, each of them exhibiting specific difficulties (nonlinear nature of the string system of equations, frequency dependent damping of the soundboard, great number of unknowns required for the acoustic propagation), in addition to couplings’ inherent difficulties.

Keywords

Pianomodelingenergyprecursor and phantom partialsdamping mechanisms
Type
Research Article
Information
ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis , Volume 48 , Issue 5 , September 2014 , pp. 1241 - 1278
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, SMAI, 2014

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