Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-7qhmt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-29T12:49:51.024Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Apramycin and gentamicin resistance in Escherichia coli and salmonellas isolated from farm animals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

C. Wray
Affiliation:
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Central Veterinary Laboratory, New Haw, Weybridge, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
R. W. Hedges
Affiliation:
Plant Genetic Systems, J. Plateau Straat 22, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
K. P. Shannon
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas's Hospitals, St Thomas's Campus, London SE1 7EH, UK
D. E. Bradley
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada A1B 3V6
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Since the aminoglycoside antibiotic apramycin was licensed for veterinary use in 1980, all isolates of Escherichia coli and salmonellas received at the Central Veterinary Laboratory have been monitored for resistance to apramycin and the related antibiotic gentamicin. During the period 1982–4, the incidence of resistance in E. coli to apramycin increased from 0·6% in 1982 to 2·6% in 1984. In salmonellas the incidence of resistance to apramycin increased from 0·1% in 1982 to 1·4% in 1984. Resistance to both apramycin and gentamicin was detected in six different salmonella serotypes, although an isolate of Salmonella thompsonfrom poultry was resistant to gentamicin but not apramycin. Most of the cultures were isolated from pigs, although the incidence of apramycin resistance in S. typhimurium (DT 204C) from calves has shown a recent dramatic increase. All the isolates with one exception produced the enzyme aminoglycoside 3-N-acetyltransferase IV (ACC(3)IV). The resistance was transferable by conjugation in most of the strains examined, and the plasmids specifying the resistance have been found to belong to a number of different incompatibility groups. Plasmids from three E. coli strains were compatible with all the reference plasmids and belonged to a previously undescribed group which was investigated further.

It is suggested that bacteria from humans should be examined for resistance to apramycin and gentamicin to determine the possibility of the antibiotic-resistance bacteria, and their genes, spreading from animals to humans.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

References

REFERENCES

Bowen, R. E., Davies, J., Walton, J. R. & Bennett, T. H. (1976). Apramycin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic: microbiological safety. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Pig Veterinary Society Congress, p. B.3. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Bradley, D. E. (1980). Morphological and serological relationship of conjugative pili. Plasmid 4, 155169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bradley, D. E. (1985). Transfer systems of K88 and K99 plasmids. Plasmid 13, 118128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chaslus-Dancla, E. & Lafont, J. P. (1985). Resistance to gentamicin and apramycin in Escherichia coli from calves in France. Veterinary Record 117, 9091.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Datta, N., Dacey, S., Hughes, V., Knight, S., Richards, H., Williams, G., Casewell, M. & Shannon, K. P. (1980). Distribution of genes for trimethoprim and gentamicin resistance in bacteria and their plasmids in a general hospital. Journal of General Microbiology 118, 495508.Google ScholarPubMed
Davies, J. (1980). Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance. Current Concepts. Sussex: UpJohn.Google Scholar
Davies, J. & O'Connor, S. (1978). Enzymatic modification of aminoglycoside antibiotics: 3-N-acetyltransferase with broad specificity that determines resistance to the novel aminoglycoside apramycin. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemolherajnj 14, 6972.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falkow, S. & Baron, L. S. (1962). Episomic element in a strain of Salmonella typhosa. Journal of Bacteriology 84, 581589.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hedges, R. W. & Shannon, K. P. (1984). Resistance of apramycin in Escherichia coli isolated from animals; detection of a novel aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme. Journal of General Microbiology 130, 473482.Google ScholarPubMed
Helmuth, R., Pietzsch, O., Stephan, R., Chakraborty, T. & Bulling, E. (1984). Antimicrobials and agriculture. In Proceeding of the 4th International Symposhan on Antibiotics in Agriculture; Benefits and Malefits (ed. Woodbine, M.) London; Butterworth. pp. 237242.Google Scholar
Kado, C. I. & Liu, S. T. (1981). Rapid procedure for the detection and isolation of large and small plasmids. Journal of Bacteriology 145, 13651373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levy, S. B., Fitzgerald, G. B. & Macone, A. B. (1976). Spread of antibiotic-resistance plasmids from chicken to chicken and from chicken to man. Nature (London) 260, 4042.Google Scholar
Marvin, D. A. & Hohn, B. (1969). Filamentous bacterial viruses. Bacteriological Reviews 33, 172209.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Brien, T. F., Hopkins, J. D., Gilleece, E. S., Medeiros, A. A., Kent, R. L., Blackuurn, B. O., Holmes, M. B., Reardon, J. P., Vergeront, J. M., Schell, W. L., Christerson, E., Bissett, M. L. & Morse, E. V. (1982). Molecular epidemiology of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella from animals and human beings in the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine 307, 16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ose, E. E., Ryden, R. & Muenster, O. A. (1976). Apramycin, a new aminocyclitol antibiotic. 1 In vitro evaluation. In Proceedings of the Fourth International Pig Veterinary Society Congress. p. B.2. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State Univerisity Press.Google Scholar
Ozanne, R., Benveniste, R, Tipper, D. & Davies, J. (1969). Aminoglycoside antibiotics: inactivation by phosphorylation in Escherichia coli carrying R factors. Journal of Bacteriology 100, 11441146.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Price, K. E., Kressel, P. A., Farchione, L. A., Siskin, S. B. & Karpow, S. A. (1981). Epidemiological studies of aminoglycoside resistance in the U.S.A. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 8 (suppl. A), 89105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rowe, B. & Threlfall, E. J. (1981). Multiply-resistant clones of Salmonella typhimurium in Britain: epidemiological and laboratory aspects. In Molecular Biology. Pathogenicity and Ecology of Bacterial Plasmids (eds. Levy, S. B., Clowes, R. C. and Loering, E. L.) London and New York: Plenum Press, pp. 567573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryden, R. & Moore, B. J. (1977). The in-vifro activity of apramycin, a new aminocyclitol antibiotic. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 3, 609613.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scotland, S. M., Gross, R. J., Cheasty, T. & Rave, B. (1979). The occurrence of plasmids carrying genes for both enterotoxin production and drug resistance in Escherichia coli of human orgin. Journal of Hygiene 83, 531538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shipley, P. L., Gyles, C. L. & Falkow, S. (1978). Characterization of plasmids that encode for the K88 colonization antigen. Infection and Immunity 20, 559566.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sojka, W. J., Wray, C. & McLaren, I. (1984). A survey of drug resistance in salmonellae isolated from animals in England and Wales in 1982 and 1983. British Veterinary Journal 140, 576591.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Threlfall, E. J., Rowe, B., Ferguson, J. L. & Hvard, L. R. (1982). Increasing incidence of resistance to gentamicin and related aminoglycosides in Salmonella typhimurium phage type 204C in England, Wales and Scotland. Veterinary Record 117, 355357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Witchitz, J. L. (1981). Epidemiological aspects of aminoglycoside resistance in France. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 8 (suppl. A), 7181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wray, C. (1985). Is salmonellosis still a serious problem in veterinary practice ? Veterinary Record 116, 485489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar