Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-mp689 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T11:24:01.073Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

An assessment of oil adjuvant and aqueous influenza vaccines: I. Reactions to the vaccines*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

J. R. L. Forsyth
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, The Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Trials of aqueous and oil adjuvant vaccines in young adult volunteers showed that severe local reactions were rare. However, the incidence of minor symptoms was too high for a vaccine which requires to be administered repeatedly. In contradistinction to some reports, systemic and allergic reactions did not constitute a problem.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1967

References

REFERENCES

Beebe, G. W., Simon, A. H. & Vivona, S. (1964). Follow-up study on army personnel who received adjuvant influenza virus vaccine 1951–53. Am. J. med. Sci. 247, 385.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clarke, E. G. (1962). Vaccination against influenza. Br. med. J. ii, 734.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cope, J. (1960). Influenza vaccination. Br. med. J. i, 423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davenport, F. M. & Hennessy, A. V. (1960). Prevention of influenza in childhood by vaccination: Principles, problems and progress. In Viral Infections of Infancy and Childhood, p. 145. Ed. Rose, H. M., New York: Hoeber-Harper.Google Scholar
Davenport, F. M., Hennessy, A. V., Brandon, P. M., Webster, R. C., Barrett, D. D. Jr. & Lease, G. O. (1964). Comparisons of serologic and febrile responses in humans to vaccination with influenza A viruses or their hemagglutinins. J. Lab. clin. Med. 63, 5.Google ScholarPubMed
Francis, T. Jr. & Magill, T. P. (19351936). Vaccination of human subjects with virus of human influenza. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 33, 604.Google Scholar
Francis, T. Jr. & Magill, T. P. (1937). The antibody response of human subjects vaccinated with the virus of human influenza. J. exp. Med. 65, 251.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffin, H. E. (1959). Reactions to influenza vaccine. Ann. Allergy 17, 179.Google ScholarPubMed
Henle, W. & Henle, G. (1945). Effect of adjuvants on vaccination of human beings against influenza. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 59, 179.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbert, W. J. (1965). Multiple emulsions, a new form of mineral-oil adjuvant. Lancet ii, 771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Himmelweit, F. (1960). Serological responses and clinical reactions to influenza virus vaccines. Br. med. J. ii, 1690.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirst, G. K., Rickard, E. R. & Friedewald, W. F. (1944). Studies in human immunization against influenza. Duration of immunity induced by inactive virus. J. exp. Med. 80, 265.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howell, R. W. & Mackenzie, A. B. (1964). A comparative trial of oil-adjuvant and aqueous polyvalent influenza vaccines. Br. J. ind. Med. 21, 265.Google ScholarPubMed
Howell, R. W. & Stott, A. N. B. (1964). A trial of oil-adjuvant influenza vaccine in a non-epidemic season. Br. J. ind. Med. 21, 259.Google Scholar
McCarthy, R. O. (1964). Mammalian metabolism of straight-chain saturated hydrocarbons. Biochim. biophys. Acta 84, 74.Google ScholarPubMed
Medical Research Council (1964). Clinical trials of oil-adjuvant influenza vaccines, 1960–63. Br. med. J. ii, 267.Google Scholar
Meichen, F. W., Rogan, E. & Howell, R. W. (1962). A study of the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in an industrial population. Br. J. ind. Med. 19, 203.Google Scholar
Meiklejohn, G. (1962). Adjuvant influenza adenovirus vaccine. J. Am. med. Ass. 179, 594.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Norwood, W. O. & Sachs, R. R. (1947). The protective effect of vaccination against epidemic influenza B in an industrial plant. Ind. Med. 16, 1.Google Scholar
Peck, H. M., Woodhour, A. F., Metzgar, D. P., McKinney, S. E. & Hilleman, M. R. (1964). New metabolizable immunologic adjuvant for human use. 2. Short-term animal toxicity tests. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 116, 523.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Richardson, L. M. & Kilpatrick, S. J. (1964). Influenza immunization. A three year study in a factory population. Med. Offr. 111, 5.Google Scholar
Salk, J. E. (1948). Reactions to influenza virus vaccines. J. Immun. 58, 369.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tyrrell, D. A. (1966). Influenza virus vaccines. Prescriber's J. (Australian edition) 5, 51.Google Scholar
Wilner, B. I., Evers, M. A., Troutman, H. D., Trader, F. W., & McLean, I. W. Jr. (1963). Vaccine potentiation by emulsification with pure hydrocarbon compounds. J. Immun. 91, 210.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Woodhour, A. F., Metzgar, D. P., Stim, T. B., Tytell, A. A. & Hilleman, M. R. (1964). New metabolizable immunologic adjuvant for human use. I. Development and animal immune response. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 116, 516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed