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Anxiety, Depression, and Post-traumatic Stress a month after 2019 Cyclone Fani in Odisha, India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2021

Nilamadhab Kar Open the ORCID record for Nilamadhab Kar [Opens in a new window] ,
Narendra Nath Samantaray ,
Shreyan Kar  and
Brajaballav Kar
Nilamadhab Kar*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Black Country Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Wolverhampton, England
Narendra Nath Samantaray
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology, Mental Health Institute (Centre of Excellence), SCB Medical College, Cuttack, India
Shreyan Kar
Affiliation:
Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, UK
Brajaballav Kar
Affiliation:
School of Management, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
*
Corresponding author: Nilamadhab Kar, Emails: nmadhab@yahoo.com, n.kar@nhs.net.
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Abstract

Background:

Early Identification of disaster victims with mental health problems may be useful, but information within a short period after a disaster is scarce in developing countries. This study examined anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms at 1 month following 2019 Cyclone Fani in Odisha, India.

Method:

Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were assessed by the Primary care PTSD screen for DSM 5 (PC-PTSD-5), anxiety symptoms by the Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and depression by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). The survey included participants’ disaster experience e.g., evacuation, fear of death, injury, death in family, damage to house, difficulty for food, displacement, and effect on livelihood.

Results:

Proportion of sample (n = 80) with probable PTSD was 42.9%, with severe anxiety was 36.7%, moderately severe depression was 16.5%, and severe depression was 3.8%. Suicidal cognitions were reported to increase by 14%. Comorbidity was common; with significant (P < 0.01) correlation between PTSS and anxiety (r = 0.69), depression (r = 0.596), and between anxiety and depression (r = 0.63). Damage of house and displacement were associated significantly with PTSD; evacuation and displacement with moderate and severe depression; and displacement with severe anxiety. No specific demographic factors were significantly linked to the psychiatric morbidities.

Conclusion:

A considerable proportion of victims had psychiatric morbidities at 1 month. Associated risk factors included housing damages, evacuation, and displacement, suggesting the need to improve the disaster-management process.

Keywords

anxietycyclonedepressionodishapost-traumatic stress
Type
Original Research
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , April 2022 , pp. 670 - 677
Copyright
© 2021 Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc.

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