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Head circumference in infants with nonopiate-induced neonatal abstinence syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 July 2020

Daisaku Morimoto Open the ORCID record for Daisaku Morimoto [Opens in a new window] ,
Yosuke Washio ,
Kazuki Hatayama ,
Tomoka Okamura ,
Hirokazu Watanabe ,
Junko Yoshimoto  and
Hirokazu Tsukahara
Daisaku Morimoto
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Yosuke Washio*
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Kazuki Hatayama
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Tomoka Okamura
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Hirokazu Watanabe
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Junko Yoshimoto
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Hirokazu Tsukahara
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
*
Author for correspondence: Yosuke Washio, Email: wxy-kk@hotmail.co.jp
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Abstract

Background

No relationship has been reported between nonopiate neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) and anthropometric indices, including head circumference (HC). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal nonopioid drug use and HC at birth in neonates with NAS.

Methods

This retrospective observational study included neonates born between January 1, 2010 and March 31, 2019, whose mothers had been taking antipsychotic, antidepressant, sedative, or anticonvulsant medications. The outcome measures were HCs of NAS infants and controls.

Results

Of 159 infants, 33 (21%) were diagnosed with NAS. There was no maternal opioid use among mothers during pregnancy. The HCs in the NAS group were significantly smaller than those in the control group. The median z-scores for HC at birth were −0.20 and 0.29 in the NAS group and the control group, respectively (P = .011). The median HCs at birth were 33.0 and 33.5 cm in the NAS group and the control group, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that maternal antipsychotic drug use and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were independently associated with NAS (P < .001 and P = .004, respectively). Notably, benzodiazepine use and smoking were not independent risk factors.

Conclusions

The results suggest an association between maternal antipsychotic drug use and NAS, which was further associated with decreased HC. Careful monitoring of maternal drug use should be considered to improve fetal outcomes.

Keywords

Modified Finnegan scoreanthropometric indexmaternal mental healthneonatal abstinence syndromematernal medication
Type
Original Research
Information
CNS Spectrums , Volume 26 , Issue 5 , October 2021 , pp. 509 - 512
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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