Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-4rdrl Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-04T22:44:00.006Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Topotactic cation exchange in transformed micas under hydrothermal conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Yunchul Cho  and
Sridhar Komarneni
Yunchul Cho
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Sridhar Komarneni*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: komarneni@psu.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The formation of hydroxylated phases was investigated using K-depleted biotite (Na-biotite) and K-depleted muscovite (Na-muscovite) under hydrothermal treatment with alkali (Li+, K+, NH4+, Rb+ and Cs+), alkaline earth (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+), and aluminum (Al3+) cations at 200°C for 1 and/or 3 days. The K-depleted biotite treated with alkali cations produced anhydrous hydroxylated phases, while the K-depleted muscovite did not significantly exchange alkali cations but dehydrated to form Na-muscovite in all cases. The alkaline earth cations, however, produced hydrous hydroxylated phases with both K-depleted micas. The degree of hydration energy of cations and the charge density of micas were found to influence the formation of anhydrous and hydrous phases from the K-depleted micas. This type of topotactic cation exchange potentially could be used for fixation and immobilization of radioactive species such as Cs, Sr, Ra, etc. in the transformed micas. The K-depleted biotite and muscovite treated with Al3+ were transformed to hydroxy-Al interlayered vermiculites (HIV) because of hydrolysis and polymerization of Al3+. These HIV phases could also serve as useful adsorbents for soil and groundwater contaminants.

Keywords

Hydrothermal TreatmentHydroxy-Al Interlayered Vermiculite (HIV)K-depleted BiotiteK-depleted MuscoviteTopotactic Cation ExchangeTransformation
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 55 , Issue 6 , December 2007 , pp. 593 - 598
Copyright
Copyright © 2007, The Clay Minerals Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barnhisel, R.I. Bertsch, P.M., Dixon, J.B. and Weed, S.B., (1989) Chlorites and hydroxyl-interlayered vermiculite and smectite Minerals in Soil Environments 2nd Madison, Wisconsin Soil Science Society of America 729–788.Google Scholar
Bortun, R.M. Bortun, L.N. Khainakov, S.A. and Clearfield, A., (1998) Ion exchange properties of the sodium phlogopite and biotite Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange 16 1067–1090 10.1080/07366299808934569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cased, W.R. Shelden, R.A. and Suter, U.W., (1992) Preparation of muscovite with ultrahigh specific surface area by chemical cleavage Colloid Polymer Science 270 392–398 10.1007/BF00655855.Google Scholar
Farquhar, M.L. Vaughan, D.J. Hughes, C.R. Charnock, J.M. and England, K.E.R., (1997) Experimental studies of the interaction of aqueous metal cations with mineral substrates: Lead, cadmium, and copper with perthitic feldspar, muscovite, and biotite Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 61 3051–3064 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00117-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hsu, P.H., (1992) Reaction of OH-A1 polymers with smectites and vermiculites Clays and Clay Minerals 40 300–305 10.1346/CCMN.1992.0400308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karathanasis, A.D., (1988) Compositional and solubility relationships between aluminum hydroxy-interlayered soil smectites and vermiculites Soil Science Society of America Journal 52 1500–1508 10.2136/sssaj1988.03615995005200050055x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komarneni, S. and Roy, R., (1986) Topotactic route to synthesis of novel hydroxylated phases: I. Trioctahedral micas Clay Minerals 21 125–131 10.1180/claymin.1986.021.2.02.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Komarneni, S. and Roy, R., (1988) A cesium selective ion sieve made by topotactic leaching Science 23 1286–1288 10.1126/science.239.4845.1286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McBride, M.B., (1994) Environmental Chemistry of Soils New York Oxford.Google Scholar
McKinley, J.P. Zachara, J.M. Heald, S.M. Dohnalkova, A. Newville, M.G. and Sutton, S.R., (2004) Microscale distribution of cesium sorbed to biotite and muscovite Environmental Science and Technology 38 1017–1023 10.1021/es034569m.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mendelovici, E., (1997) Solid-state transformation mechanisms of associated minerals to aluminosilicates Journal of Thermal Analysis 48 141–144 10.1007/BF01978973.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osman, M.O. Moor, C. Caseri, W.R. and Suter, U.W., (1999) Alkali metals ion exchange on muscovite mica Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 209 232–239 10.1006/jcis.1998.5878.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rebertus, R.A. Weed, S.B. and Buol, S.W., (1986) Transformations of biotite to kaolinite during saprolite-soil weathering Soil Science Society of America Journal 50 810–819 10.2136/sssaj1986.03615995005000030049x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reichenbach, H.G. and Rich, C.I., (1969) Potassium release from muscovite as influenced by particle size Clays and Clay Minerals 17 23–29 10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawhney, B.L., (1968) Aluminum interlayers in layer silicates: Effect of OH/AI ratio of Al solution, time of reaction, and type of structure Clays and Clay Minerals 16 157–163 10.1346/CCMN.1968.0160206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, A.D. and Smith, S.J., (1966) Susceptibility of interlayer potassium in micas to exchange with sodium Clays and Clay Minerals 14 69–81 10.1346/CCMN.1966.0140106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stout, S.A. Cho, Y. and Komarneni, S., (2006) Uptake of cesium and strontium cations by potassium-depleted phlogopite Applied Clay Science 31 306–313 10.1016/j.clay.2005.10.008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vogels, RJMJ Kloprogge, J.T. Geus, J.W. and Beers, A.W.F., (2005) Synthesis and characterization of saponite clays: Part 2. Thermal stability American Mineralogist 90 945–953 10.2138/am.2005.1617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zachara, J.M. Smith, S.C. Liu, C. McKinley, J.P. Serne, R.J. and Gassman, P.L., (2002) Sorption of Cs+ to micaceous subsurface sediments from the Hanford site, USA Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 66 193–211 10.1016/S0016-7037(01)00759-1.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhan, W. and Guggenheim, S., (1995) The dehydroxylation of chlorite and the formation of topotactic product phases Clays and Clay Minerals 43 622–629 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar