Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-22dnz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-28T05:24:50.931Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Stability of n-Butylammonium Vermiculite in Powder and Flake Forms

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

María C. Jiménez de Haro ,
Antonio Ruiz-Conde  and
José L. Pérez-Rodríguez
María C. Jiménez de Haro
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Americo Vespucio s/n, Isla de La Cartuja, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
Antonio Ruiz-Conde
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Americo Vespucio s/n, Isla de La Cartuja, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
José L. Pérez-Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de Sevilla, c/Americo Vespucio s/n, Isla de La Cartuja, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Interaction between n-butylammonium (BA) chloride and vermiculite from Santa Olalla (Spain) has been studied in large flake (5 × 5 × 0.1 mm) or ground powder (≤80 µm) samples. The differences in adsorption and decomposition of BA ions in both particle sizes have been established. In the interlamellar space, the BA ion remains unaltered in powder samples, but is degraded in flakes. The experimental results suggest decomposition of the BA in the interlamellar space of vermiculite flakes by breaking of the C-N bond. The degradation of BA takes place over a short period. The variety with BA in the interlamellar space is transformed into a new one, due to the degradation of alkylammonium. The transformation occurs through an interstratified phase formed between BA-vermiculite and NH4-vermiculite, and finally a phase appears in which only ammonium is present in the interlamellar space. Due to the many industrial applications of alkylammonium-clays, determination of the stability of alkylammonium in the interlamellar space of clay minerals is of great importance.

Keywords

AdsorptionDegradationInteractionIntercalation ComplexInterstratified Phasen-ButylammoniumOrgano-VermiculiteParticle SizeVermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 46 , Issue 6 , December 1998 , pp. 687 - 693
Copyright
Copyright © 1998, The Clay Minerals Society

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahlrichs, J.L. Fraser, A.R. and Russell, J.D., 1972 Interaction of ammonia with vermiculite Clay Miner 9 263–273 10.1180/claymin.1972.009.3.01.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyd, S.A. Shaobai, S. Lee, J.F. and Mortland, M.M., 1988 Penta-chlorophenol sorption by organo-clays Clays Clay Miner 36 125–130 10.1346/CCMN.1988.0360204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chaussidon, J. and Calvet, R., 1965 Evolution of amine cations adsorbed on montmorillonite with dehydration of the mineral J Phys Chem 69 2265–2268 10.1021/j100891a020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chou, C.C. and McAtee, J.L. Jr., 1969 Thermal decomposition of organoammonium compound exchanged into montmorillonite and hectorite Clays Clay Miner 17 339–346 10.1346/CCMN.1969.0170603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, R.J. Smalley, M.V. and Thomas, R.K., 1991 The effect of uniaxial-stress on the swelling of n-butylammonium vermiculite Adv Colloid Interface Sci 34 537–560 10.1016/0001-8686(91)80057-Q.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de la Calle, C. Suquet, H. and Pons, C.H., 1988 Stacking order in a Mg-vermiculite Clays Clay Miner 36 481–490 10.1346/CCMN.1988.0360601.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de la Calle, C. Tejedor, M.I. and Pons, C.H., 1996 Evolution of ben-zylammonium-vermiculite and ornithine-vermiculite intercalates Clays Clay Miner 44 68–76 10.1346/CCMN.1996.0440106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durand, D. Pelet, R. and Fripiat, J.L., 1972 Alkylammonium decomposition on montmorillonite surfaces in an inert atmosphere Clays Clay Miner 20 21–35 10.1346/CCMN.1972.0200104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fan, Y. Solin, S.A. Kim, H. Pinnavaia, T.J. and Newmann, D.S., 1992 Elastic and inelastic neutron scattering study of hydroge-nated and deuterated trimethylammonium pillared vermiculite clays J Chem Phys 96 7064–7071 10.1063/1.462538.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, V.C., 1974 The infrared spectra of minerals London Mineral Soc 10.1180/mono-4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frenkel, M. and Solomon, D.H., 1977 The decomposition of organic amines on montmorillonite under ambient conditions Clays Clay Miner 25 463–464 10.1346/CCMN.1977.0250613.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garret, W.G. Walker, G.F. and Swineford, A., 1962 Swelling of some vermiculite-organic complexes in water Clays Clay Miner, Proc 9th Nat Conf; 1960; West Lafayette, IN New York Pergamon Pr 557–567.Google Scholar
Ghabru, S.K. Mermut, A.R. and St Arnaud, R.J., 1989 Layer-charge and cation-exchange characteristics of vermiculite (weathered biotite) isolated from a Gray Luvisol in northeastern Saskatchewan Clays Clay Miner 37 164–172 10.1346/CCMN.1989.0370208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
González-Carreño, T. Rausell-Colom, J.A. and Serratosa, J.M., 1977 Complexes vermiculite-alkylammonium. Evidence of interaction of terminal -CH3 groups with the silicate surface. Proc 3rd Europ Clay Conf; Oslo 73–74.Google Scholar
González-García, F. and García-Ramos, G., 1960 Procesos de génesis y degradación de vermiculita: Yacimiento de Santa Olalla (Huelva). I. Description del yacimiento y toma de muestras Anal Edaf Agrobiol 7- 8 381–398.Google Scholar
Johns, W.D. and Sen Gupta, P.K., 1967 Vermiculite-alkylammonium complexes Am Mineral 52 1706–1724.Google Scholar
Jordan, J.W., 1949 Organophilic bentonites. I. Swelling in organic liquids J Phys Colloid Chem 53 294–306 10.1021/j150467a009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Justo, A., 1984 Estudio fisicoquímico y mineralógico de las vermiculitas de Andalucfa y Badajoz [Ph.D. thesis] Sevilla, Spain Univ of Sevilla.Google Scholar
Justo, A. Maqueda, C. and Pérez-Rodríguez, J.L., 1986 Estudio de vermiculitas de Andalucía y Badajoz Bol Soc Esp Miner 9 123–129.Google Scholar
Laby, R.H. and Walker, G.F., 1970 Hydrogen bonding in primary alkylammonium-vermiculite complexes J Phys Chem 74 2369–2373 10.1021/j100705a022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lagaly, G., 1994 Layer charge determination by alkylammonium ions Layer charge characteristics of 2:1 silicate clay minerals. CMS workshop lectures 6 1–46.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. Weiss, A. and Heller-Kallai, L., 1969 Determination of the layer charge in mica-type layer silicates Proc Int Clay Conf; 1969 Tokyo. Jerusalem Israel Univ Pr 61–80.Google Scholar
Lee, S. and Solin, S.A., 1991 X-ray study of the intercalant distribution in mixed alkylammonium pillared clay Phys Rev B: Condens Mater H 3 12012–12018 10.1103/PhysRevB.43.12012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacEwan, D.M.C. Ruiz-Amil, A. Brown, G. and Brown, G., 1961 Interstratified clay minerals The X-ray identification and crystal structures of clay minerals London Mineral Soc 393–445.Google Scholar
Marín-Rubí, J.A. Rausell-Colom, J.A. and Serratosa, J.M., 1974 Infrared absorption and X-ray diffraction study of butylam-monium complexes of phyllosilicates Clays Clay Miner 22 87–90 10.1346/CCMN.1974.0220112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCarney, J. and Smalley, M.V., 1995 Electron-microscopy study of n-butylammonium vermiculite swelling Clay Miner 30 187–194 10.1180/claymin.1995.030.3.02.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mermut, A.R.. 1993. Layer charge characteristics of 2:1 silicate clay minerals. CMS workshop lectures, vol. 6. Boulder, CO: Clay Miner Soc. 134 p.Google Scholar
Mermut, A.R., 1994 Problems associated with layer charge characterization of 2:1 phyllosilicates Layer charge characteristics of 2:1 silicate clay minerals. CMS workshop lectures 6 105–122.Google Scholar
Michel, E. Weiss, A. and Hadzi, D., 1957 Ueber den Einfluss von Wasser-stoffbruecken-bindungen auf ein-und zweidimensionale innerkristalline Quellungsvorgaenge Hydrogen bonding New York Pergamon Pr 495–508.Google Scholar
Morillo, E. Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. and Maqueda, C., 1990 Decomposition of alkylammonium cations adsorbed on vermicu-lite under ambient conditions Appl Clay Sci 5 183–187 10.1016/0169-1317(90)90022-H.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortland, M.M. Fripiat, J.J. Chaussidon, J. and Uytterhoeven, J.B., 1963 Interaction between ammonia and the expanding lattices of montmorillonite and vermiculite J Phys Chem 67 248–258 10.1021/j100796a009.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortland, M.M. and Raman, K.V., 1968 Surface acidity of smectites in relation to hydration, exchangeable cation, and structure Clays Clay Miner 16 393–398 10.1346/CCMN.1968.0160508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mortland, M.M. Shaobai, S. and Boyd, S.A., 1986 Clay organic complexes as adsorbents for phenols and chlorophenols Clays Clay Miner 34 581–585 10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pérez-Rodriguez, J.L. Morillo, E. and Hermosin, M.C., 1985 Interaction of chlordimeform with a vermiculite-decylammo-nium complex in aqueous and butanol solutions Miner Pe-trogr Acta 29 155–162.Google Scholar
Pérez-Rodríguez, J.L. Morillo, E. and Maqueda, C., 1988 Decomposition of alkylammonium cations intercalated in vermiculite Clay Miner 23 379–390 10.1180/claymin.1988.023.4.05.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rausell-Colom, J.A. Saez-Auñón, J. and Pons, C.H., 1989 Vermiculite gelation: Structural and textural evolution Clay Miner 24 459–478 10.1180/claymin.1989.024.3.01.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reichenbach, H.G. and Beyer, J., 1994 Dehydration and rehydration of vermiculite I. Phlogopitic Mg-vermiculite Clay Miner 29 327–340 10.1180/claymin.1994.029.3.04.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robert, M. Ranger, J. Malia, P.B. Tessier, D. Pérez-Rodríguez, J.L., Galán, E. Pérez-Rodríguez, J.L. and Cornejo, J., 1987 Variation in microorganization and properties of Santa Olalla vermiculite with decreasing size 6th Meet European Clay Groups. Euroclay ’87; 1987; Seville, Spain. Seville: Spanish Clay Soc 456–458.Google Scholar
Ruiz-Amil, A. Aragón de la Cruz, F. Vila, E. and Ruiz-Conde, A., 1992 Study of a material from Libby, Montana, containing vermiculite and hydrobiotite: Intercalation with aliphatic amines Clay Miner 27 257–263 10.1180/claymin.1992.027.2.11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruiz-Amil, A. Ramírez-García, A. and MacEwan, D.M.C., 1967 X-ray diffraction curves for the analysis of interstratified structures Edinburgh Volturna.Google Scholar
Ruiz-Conde, A. Ruiz-Amil, A. Pérez-Rodríguez, J.L. Sánchez-Soto, P.J. and Aragón de la Cruz, E., 1997 Interaction of vermiculite with aliphatic amides (formamide, acetamide and pro-pionamide). Formation and study of interstratified phases in the transformation of Mg2+-NH-vermicuIite Clays Clay Miner 45 311–326 10.1346/CCMN.1997.0450302.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Serratosa, J.M. Johns, W.D. and Shimoyama, A., 1970 IR study of alkylammonium vermiculite complexes Clays Clay Miner 18 107–113 10.1346/CCMN.1970.0180206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smalley, M.V. Thomas, R.K. Matsuo, T. and Braganza, L.E., 1989 Effect of hydrostatic-pressure on the swelling of n-butylam-monium vermiculite Clays Clay Miner 37 474–478 10.1346/CCMN.1989.0370513.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stone, M.H. and Wild, A., 1978 The reaction of ammonia with vermiculite and hydrobiotite Clay Miner 13 337–349 10.1180/claymin.1978.013.3.08.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vila, E. and Ruiz-Amil, A., 1988 Computer program for analysing interstratified structures by Fourier transform methods Powder Diffrac 3 7–11 10.1017/S0885715600013038.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vimondlaboudigue, A. Baron, M.H. Merlin, J.C. and Prost, R., 1996 Adsorption of Dinoseb on hectorite and vermiculite dec-ylammonium Clay Miner 31 95–111 10.1180/claymin.1996.031.1.09.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vimondlaboudigue, A. and Prost, R., 1995 Comparative analysis of hectorite and vermiculite decylammonium complexes using infrared and Raman-spectrometry Clay Miner 30 337–352 10.1180/claymin.1995.030.4.07.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, G.E., 1967 Interaction of n-alkylammonium ions with mica-type layer lattices Clay Miner 7 129–143 10.1180/claymin.1967.007.2.01.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiss, A., 1963 Organic derivatives of mica-type layer silicates Angew Chem Intern English Ed 2 134–144 10.1002/anie.196301341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiss, A. Michel, E. and Weiss, A., 1958 Über den Einfluss von Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen auf ein- und zweidimensionale innerkristalline Quellungsvorgänge. Hydrogen bonding New York Pergamon Pr 495–508.Google Scholar
Weiss, A. Roloff, G., Rosenguist, T. and Groff-Peterson, P., 1963 Die Rolle organischer derivate von glimmenartigen Schichtsilikaten bei der bilding von Erdöl Proc Int Clay Conf; 1963; Stockholm Oxford: Pergamon Pr 373–378.Google Scholar
Williams, G.D. Moody, K.R. Smalley, M.V. and King, S.M., 1994 The sol concentration effect in n-butylammonium vermiculite swelling Clays Clay Miner 42 614–627 10.1346/CCMN.1994.0420514.CrossRefGoogle Scholar