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Saponite from Near Ballarat, California

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

J. L. Post
J. L. Post*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, California State University, Sacramento, California 95819
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Abstract

White saponite occurs in joints and open fracture zones in metamorphosed dolomitic limestone near Ballarat, California. The saponite appears to have formed by hydrothermal alteration, possibly during Pliocene times. The material shows a 06l X-ray powder diffraction peak at 1.529 Å, A12O3 and MgO contents of about 4.4 and 23.5%, respectively, and a half-cell octahedral atoms summation value of about 2.82. The saponite appears to consist of a single, uniform clay species; the main impurities are fine shards of diopside and tremolite. The infrared and thermal properties of the Ballarat saponite are similar to those of the Allt Ribhein saponite. It has a lower water-holding capacity than montmorillonite and is characterized by lower Atterberg limits and expansion pressures and higher compaction densities. The apparent density of the saponite, 2.865 g/cm3, is greater than that of montmorillonite. This saponite is available from the Source Clays Repository of The Clay Minerals Society.

Резюме

Резюме

Белый сапонит выступает в соединениях и открытых расщелинах в метаморфизованном доломитическом известняке в близи Балларат в Калифорнии. Сапонит формировался, вероятно, путем гидротермального изменения, возможно в течение плиоценовой эпохи. Материал показывает ди-фракционную линию 06l при 1,529 Å, содержания Al2O3 и MgO разны 4,4 и 23,5%, соотаетственно, и сумарное значение октаэдрических атомов равно 2,82. Кажется, что сапонит состоит из простых, однородных глинистых веществ; главными включениями являются тонкие осколки диопсида и тремолита. Инфракрасные и термические свойства сапонита из Балларат являются похожими на свойства сапонита из Аллт Рибхаин. Этот материал характеризуется меньшей способностью удерживания воды чем монтмориллонит и более низкими границами Аттерберга и давлениями экспансии и более высокими плотностями компакции. Кажующияся плотность сапонита, 2,8659/cm3 является большой, чем значение для монтмориллонита. Этот сапонит доступен со Склада Источниковых Глин Общества Глинистых Минералов. [E.G.]

Resümee

Resümee

Weißer Saponit tritt in Klüften und offenen Spalten im metamorph beeinflußten dolomitischen Kalkstein nahe Ballarat, Kalifornien, auf. Der Saponit scheint sich durch hydrothermale Umwandlung gebildet zu haben, wahrscheinlich während des Pliozäns. Das Material zeigt in den Röntgenpulverdif-fraktogrammen eine 06l Peak bei 1,529 Å. Sein A12O3- bzw. MgO-Gehalt beträgt um 4,4% bzw. 23,5%. Die Summe der oktaedrisch koordinierten Atome der halben Elementarzelle beträgt um 2,82. Der Saponit scheint aus einer einzigen, einheitlichen Tonart zu bestehen; die Hauptverunreinigungen sind feine Diop-sid- und Tremolith-splitter. Die Infrarot- und thermischen Eigenschaften des Ballarat-Saponits sind ähnlich denen des Allt Ribhein-Saponits. Er hat eine niedrigere Wasseraufnahme-Kapazität als Montmorillonit und ist durch niedrigere Atterberggrenzen und Expansionsdrücke sowie durch höhere Kompaktionsdichten charakterisiert. Die offensichtliche Dichte des Saponits von 2,865 g/cm3 ist größer als die von Montmorillonit. Dieser Saponit ist vom Source Clays Repository der Clay Minerals Society erhältlich. [U.W.]

Résumé

Résumé

De la saponite blanche se trouve dans des joints et des zones de fracture ouvertes dans de la roche calcaire dolomitique metamorphosée près de Ballarat, Californie. La saponite semble s’être formée par altération hydrothermale, possiblement à l’époque Pliocène. Le materiau montre un sommet de diffraction 06/ à 1,529 Å, des contenus en A12O3 et MgO d’à peu près 4,4 et 23,5%, respectivement, et une valeur de somme de demi-maille d'atomes octaédraux d’à peu près 2,82. La saponite semble consister en une seule espèce d'argile uniforme, les impuretés principales sont de fines échardes de diopside et de trémolite. Les propriétés infrarouges et thermiques de la saponite de Ballarat sont semblables à celles de la saponite Allt Ribhein. Elle a une capacité de rétention d'eau plus basse que la montmorillonite, et est caractérisée par des limites Atterberg et des pressions d'expansion plus basses, et des densités de compaction plus élevées. La densité apparente de la saponite, 2,865 g/cm3, est plus grande que celle de la montmorillonite. Cette saponite est disponible au Répositoire d'Argiles de Source du Clay Minerals Society. [D.J.]

Keywords

Engineering propertiesHydrothermal alterationSaponiteSepioliteSource clayX-ray powder diffraction
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , April 1984 , pp. 147 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © 1984, The Clay Minerals Society

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