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Low-Charge to High-Charge Beidellite Conversion in a Vertisol from South Italy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Dominique Righi ,
Fabio Terribile  and
Sabine Petit
Dominique Righi
Affiliation:
Laboratoires de Pédologie et de Pétrologie de la surface, UA 721 CNRS Faculté des Sciences, 86022 Poitiers, France
Fabio Terribile
Affiliation:
CNR-ISPAIM, P.O. Box 101, 80040 S. Sebastiano al Vesuvio, Napoli, Italy
Sabine Petit
Affiliation:
Laboratoires de Pédologie et de Pétrologie de la surface, UA 721 CNRS Faculté des Sciences, 86022 Poitiers, France
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Abstract

The fine silt (2–5 μm) coarse clay (0.1–2 μm) and fine clay (<0.1 μm) fractions of a Vertisol from South Italy were studied with X-ray diffraction. The most reactive fine clay (<0.1 μm) fraction was investigated in detail using a curve decomposition method analysis of X-ray diffraction diagrams, FTIR spectroscopy and chemical analysis. In the soil parent material, the fine clay fraction was dominated by low-charge smectites (beidellite and montmorillonite) whereas, high-charge beidellite was the dominant clay mineral in the fine clay from the upper soil horizons. This suggested that high-charge beidellite was produced through alteration of the preexisting low-charge smectites and was the stable clay phase in this soil environment, characterized by high pH (>8.0). After K-saturation and 25 wetting and drying cycles, the high-charge beidellite from the soil horizons lost expandability far more than the original low-charge smectites.

Keywords

BeidelliteSmectitesVertisol
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 43 , Issue 4 , August 1995 , pp. 495 - 502
Copyright
Copyright © 1995, The Clay Minerals Society

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