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Kübler Illite “Crystallinity” Index of the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin, Korea: Implications for Basin Evolution

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Jae Il Lee  and
Yong Il Lee
Jae Il Lee*
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
Yong Il Lee
Affiliation:
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
*
E-mail of corresponding author: lee2602@plaza.snu.ac.kr
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Abstract

Thermal maturity of the Lower Cretaceous Sindong and Hayang groups in the Gyeongsang Basin, Korea, was investigated using the Kübler illite “crystallinity” index (KI) which is based on the numerical expression of the 10-Å peak width after calibration to the Crystallinity Index Standard scale. The metamorphic grade of the Sindong and Hayang groups ranges from late diagenetic zone to high anchizone. Depth of burial was not a major factor controlling KI variation in the basin because Hayang mudrocks have higher thermal maturity than the underlying Sindong mudrocks. Short-lived heating by the emplacement of the Upper Cretaceous plutonic rocks is responsible for the higher thermal maturity in the Hayang mudrocks. A linear NNE-SSW trending belt is drawn by connecting the lowest KI values, and it seems to reflect a hidden fault trace beneath the Hayang Group. Emplacement of Upper Cretaceous plutonic rocks and introduction of hydrothermal fluids along the inferred fault may have been the main cause of the lowering of KI values along this belt. This inferred fault is interpreted to represent the buried eastern boundary of the Nagdong Trough, which was the main depositional site for the Sindong Group in the western part of the Gyeongsang Basin. Deposition of the Hayang Group occurred in the enlarged basin when the basin extended eastward. This study provides an example that KI values can be used in the reconstruction of an early history of basin evolution.

Keywords

Gyeongsang BasinIllite Crystallinity (Kübler Index)KoreaLow-Grade Metamorphism
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 49 , Issue 1 , February 2001 , pp. 36 - 43
Copyright
Copyright © 2001, The Clay Minerals Society

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