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Kaolin Minerals from Chinmen Island (Quemoy)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Pei Yuan Chen ,
Ming Kuang Wang ,
Deng Shiu Yang  and
Shyun Sheng Chang
Pei Yuan Chen
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Science, National Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106
Ming Kuang Wang*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106
Deng Shiu Yang
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 106
Shyun Sheng Chang
Affiliation:
Central Geological Survey, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei, Taiwan, 235
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: mkwang@ccms.ntu.edu.tw
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Abstract

Chinmen Island is located in the west of the Taiwan Strait, 15 km from the coast of mainland China. Mesozoic granitic gneiss forms the basement rocks of the island. High-defect kaolin deposits, both major sedimentary and minor residual types of clays, have been mined for ceramic uses for many years. The objectives of this study were to characterize the kaolin deposits and to discuss the genesis of kaolin minerals on the island. The kaolin samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. In general, the particle-size distribution of the sedimentary kaolin was 0.5–5.0% sand, 15–55% silt and 30–85% clay. In the clay fraction, the ratio of kaolinite to illite ranged from 9:1 to 3:1. The sedimentary kaolin materials were originally transported by river from mainland China. Kaolinite occurred generally as pseudo-hexagonal platelets of ∼1 µm in diameter. The residual kaolin minerals resulted from the argillization of granitoid rocks by in situ weathering which possibly occurred during the Pleistocene. The residual kaolin contained more tubular halloysite.

Keywords

Chinmen IslandHalloysiteKaolin DepositsKaolinite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 52 , Issue 1 , February 2004 , pp. 130 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © 2004, The Clay Minerals Society

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