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Hydrothermal Stability of Layered Silicates in Neutral and Acidic Media: Effect on Engineered-Barrier Safety

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

María D. Alba ,
Miguel A. Castro ,
Pablo Chain ,
M. Mar Orta ,
M. Carolina Pazos  and
Esperanza Pavón
María D. Alba*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
Miguel A. Castro
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
Pablo Chain
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
M. Mar Orta
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
M. Carolina Pazos
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Catálisis Heterogénea, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, A.A. 14490, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
Esperanza Pavón
Affiliation:
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Ciencia de los Materiales de Sevilla, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092-Sevilla, Spain
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: alba@icmse.csic.es
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Abstract

Many environmental applications in the inorganic remediation field are based on the swelling and ion-exchange capacities of smectites, even though these can be affected by hydrothermal treatment in water and acidic media. Here a systematic study of the properties of layered silicates that could affect their hydrothermal stability at different pH is described: type of layers, octahedral occupancy, layer charge, and origin of the layer charge. The silicates studied were selected on the basis of their different characteristics associated with these properties. Kanemite (1:0 phyllosilicate), kaolinite (1:1 phyllosilicate), and pyrophyllite and talc (2:1 phyllosilicates with no-layer charge) were examined in order to determine the effect of layer structure, whereas the hydrothermal reactivity of silicates with different layer charge was analyzed by comparing the talc-hectorite-Laponite® and talc-saponite-trioctahedral vermiculite series. Samples were treated hydrothermally at 300ºC for 48 h in pure water and in a 0.01 M HNO3 solution and the final products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electronic microscopy, and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. All layered silicates, except for kanemite, were found to remain intact after hydrothermal treatment in water and acidic media, with only minimal short-range structural changes observed. The extent of the structural changes depended on the octahedral sheet occupancy (greater extent) and the number of isomorphic substitutions (lesser extent), both of which weaken the structure.

Keywords

BentoniteEngineered-barrierHydrothermal StabilityLayered Silicates
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 58 , Issue 4 , August 2010 , pp. 501 - 514
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2010

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