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Enhancement of the Adsorption of Phenol Red from Wastewater Onto Clinoptilolite by Modification with N-Terminated Siloxanes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Remy M. K. Vala  and
L. Tichagwa
Remy M. K. Vala*
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
L. Tichagwa
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: MVala@ufh.ac.za
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Abstract

The present study investigated the use of local and affordable clinoptilolite for the removal of persistent dyes from water. To improve its adsorption capacity, Na-clinoptilolite was modified chemically with two N-terminated siloxanes (molar mass: 2600 and 11000 g/mol) and used to adsorb the dye phenol red. The results of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that N-terminated siloxanes were grafted successfully onto clinoptilolite. Examination by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy supported the suggestion of modifications observed by FTIR. The modified clinoptilolite showed improved adsorption properties for phenol red: up to 0.32 mg of phenol red were removed per g of clinoptilolite modified with N-terminated siloxanes from water, while HCl-treated clinoptilolite removed only 0.15 mg after 4 h. Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to obtain isotherm parameters. Results (with R2 > 0.84) from pseudo-first and pseudo-second order equations suggested that adsorption could have involved chemisorption and physisorption, probably because of the mineral-organic nature of the materials prepared.

Keywords

AdsorptionChemical ModificationClinoptiloliteN-terminated SiloxanesPhenol RedPollutant
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 61 , Issue 6 , December 2013 , pp. 532 - 540
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2013

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