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Effect of Intercalation Method and Intercalating Agent Type on the Structure of Silane-Grafted Montmorillonite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Shuhao Qin ,
Yong Yao ,
Wentao He ,
Jie Yu ,
Min He ,
Chen Xu ,
Guomin Xu  and
Zhang Qin
Shuhao Qin
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Yong Yao
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Wentao He*
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Jie Yu
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Min He
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Chen Xu
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Guomin Xu
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
Zhang Qin
Affiliation:
National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials, and College of Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003, China
*
*E-mail address of corresponding author: wentaohe@yahoo.com.cn
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Abstract

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) processing has been proven as a method for preparing polymer/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites with improved platelet dispersion. The influence of scCO2 processing on the shape and size of the MMT tactoid/platelet, which is of great importance to the final platelet dispersion in the polymer matrix, is scarcely reported in the literature. In the present study, the pristine MMT was first surface modified with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (the grafted MMT is labeled as GMMT), and then intercalated using three kinds of intercalating agents, myristyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide (MTAB), tetradecyltrihexylphosphonium chloride (TDTHP), and ethoxyltriphenyl-phosphonium chloride (ETPC), in water or scCO2, to study the effect of intercalating agent type and intercalation method on the morphology and thermal properties of GMMT, as a part of a program devoted to the synthesis of polymer/MMT nanocomposites. The structure of intercalated GMMT was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimum intercalation conditions in scCO2 were established by trying a range of reaction times and pressures. The structures of intercalated GMMT obtained under optimum scCO2 conditions and water were compared. The basal spacing of GMMT intercalated in scCO2 was almost the same as that in water, and both were obviously larger than that of GMMT. The GMMT exhibited a compact spherical morphology (examined using SEM), and the surface structures (including surface morphology, surface roughness, and surface compactness) of samples intercalated in water became ‘less compact’ and the degree of the ‘compactness’ of samples intercalated in scCO2 decreased further. Whether in water or scCO2, samples intercalated with TDTHP exhibited a larger basal spacing and the extent of disorder increased compared to that for samples intercalated with MTAB. The pristine MMT was also intercalated for comparison and silane grafting was proven to contribute to the increased basal spacing and ‘less compact’ surface structure.

Keywords

IntercalationMontmorilloniteSilaneSupercritical Carbon DioxideSurface Structure
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 61 , Issue 6 , December 2013 , pp. 580 - 589
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 2013

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