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Direct Imaging of Zirconia Pillars in Montmorillonite by Analytical Electron Microscopy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

P. A. Crozier ,
M. Pan ,
C. Bateman ,
J. J. Alcaraz  and
J. S. Holmgren
P. A. Crozier*
Affiliation:
Center for Solid State Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1704, USA
M. Pan*
Affiliation:
Center for Solid State Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1704, USA
C. Bateman*
Affiliation:
UOP, 50 East Algonquin Rd, Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5016, USA
J. J. Alcaraz
Affiliation:
UOP, 50 East Algonquin Rd, Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5016, USA
J. S. Holmgren
Affiliation:
UOP, 50 East Algonquin Rd, Des Plaines, Illinois 60017-5016, USA
*
E-mail of corresponding author: Crozier@asu.edu
†Present address: Gatan Inc., 6678 Owens Dr., Pleasanton, California 94588, USA.
‡Present address: Northboro R&D Center, Saint-Gobain Norton, Goddard Road, Northboro, Massachusetts 01532-1545, USA.
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Abstract

Analytical electron microscopy was used to confirm the location of pillars of zirconia in pillared montmorillonite. Data show that the pillared clay is of “high” quality, with surface areas ranging from 200 to 250 m2/g and (001) spacings in the 17–18 Å range. The zirconia-rich pillars were observed using bright-field imaging, annular dark-field imaging, and energy-filtered imaging. The composition of the pillars was confirmed by performing nano-analysis using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The pillars apparently have an irregular shape <50 Å in size. The shape and relatively large size of the pillars suggest that zirconia dispersion is not ideally distributed in this sample. This study is apparently the first report of electron microscopy observation of pillaring material in clays.

Keywords

ClaysElectron Energy-Loss SpectroscopyElemental MappingEnergy-Filtered ImagingImage AnalysisMaterials Characterization
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 683 - 687
Copyright
Copyright © 1999, The Clay Minerals Society

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