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Characterization and Assessment of Natural Amazonian Clays for Cosmetics-Industry Applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Antonio Claudio Kieling ,
Cláudia Cândida Silva ,
Sérgio Duvoisin Júnior ,
José Costa de Macedo Neto ,
Miécio de Oliveira Melquíades ,
Gilberto Garcia del Pino ,
Yago Ono de Souza Moreira ,
Túlio Hallak Panzera ,
Maria das Graças da Silva Valenzuela  and
Francisco Rolando Valenzuela Diáz
Antonio Claudio Kieling
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amazonas State University – UEA, Manaus, Brazil Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil
Cláudia Cândida Silva
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering, Amazonas State University – UEA, Manaus, Brazil
Sérgio Duvoisin Júnior
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering, Amazonas State University – UEA, Manaus, Brazil
José Costa de Macedo Neto
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Materials Engineering, Amazonas State University – UEA, Manaus, Brazil
Miécio de Oliveira Melquíades
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of São João del Rei – UFSJ, São João del Rei, Brazil
Gilberto Garcia del Pino
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amazonas State University – UEA, Manaus, Brazil Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil
Yago Ono de Souza Moreira
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering, Amazonas State University – UEA, Manaus, Brazil
Túlio Hallak Panzera*
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of São João del Rei – UFSJ, São João del Rei, Brazil
Maria das Graças da Silva Valenzuela
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
Francisco Rolando Valenzuela Diáz
Affiliation:
Department of Education, Federal Institute of Amazonas – IFAM, Manaus, Brazil Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, University of São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, Brazil
*
e-mail: panzera@ufsj.edu.br
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Abstract

Clays are abundant materials in the Amazon region and have been used historically by ancient Amazonian people to produce ceramic and cosmetics products. The current study aimed to evaluate the potential of four clays from the metropolitan area of Manaus, each with a different color, for cosmetics applications. Two clays were collected in the Ponta Negra region (red and gray in color) in Manaus, one in Careiro (white), and one in Itacoatiara (black). After drying in an oven for 24 h at 105°C, the four clays were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle-size analysis, and detection of microorganisms. The amounts of Al, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Zn, P, and S in all samples were below the limits for use in cosmetics. The main phases identified were kaolinite 1A, quartz, gibbsite, and the rare kaolinite 2M. Approximately 40 wt.% of each sample was in the < 20 μm particle-size range. Analyses by SEM revealed pseudo-hexagonal kaolinite structures with nano-islands and nanocrystallites. The low toxicity, mineralogic compositions, and particle-size findings suggest that Amazonian clays are promising for cosmetics applications.

Keywords

ClaysCosmeticsKaolinitePhysicochemical characterization
Type
Original Paper
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 70 , Issue 5 , October 2022 , pp. 780 - 795
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Clay Minerals Society 2022

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: F. Javier Huertas

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