Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-cnmwb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-19T11:20:04.439Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Preparation and Properties of Some Polymer-Clay Compounds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Henri G. G. Dekking
Henri G. G. Dekking*
Affiliation:
Union Oil Company of California, Brea, California, USA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Novel polymer-clay compositions were synthesized by neutralizing hydrogen montmorillonite and hydrogen kaolinite with amine-terminated polystyrene. The latter was obtained by the amide ion-initiated polymerization of styrene in liquid ammonia at −33°C. The neutralization reactions were carried out in methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, N,N-dimethylformamide and their aqueous solutions. As a result of their chemical modifications, the clays change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic, organophilic substances. Polystyrene-montmorillonite compositions containing about 50 per cent by weight of combined polymer formed dispersions in hydrocarbon oils which were similar to high temperature lubricating greases. The basal spacings of the organo-montmorillonites indicate the deposition of a polymer layer one molecule thick.

Type
General
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 12 , February 1963 , pp. 603 - 616
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 1963

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

This paper was presented at the 144th National ACS Meeting at Los Angeles, March 31, April 5, 1963. Division of Organic Coatings and Plastics Chemistry.

References

Brindley, G. W., and Rustom, M. (1958) Adsorption and retention of an organic material by montmorillonite in the presence of water: Amer. Mineralogist, v. 43, pp. 627–40.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, V., and Paul, M, (1942) Interaction between hydrogen clays and neutral salts: Indian J. Agr. Sci., v. 12, pp. 113–120.Google Scholar
Dyal, R. S., and Hendricks, S. B. (1950) Total surface of clays in polar liquids as a characteristic index: Soil Science, v. 69, pp, 421–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, M. G., Higginson, W. S. E., and Wooding, N. S. (1949) Mechanism of polymerization reaction in liquid ammonia: Rec. Trav. Chim., v. 68, p. 1069.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gluesenkamp, E. W. (1957) U.S. Patent 2, 795, 545 to Monsanto Chem. Co.Google Scholar
Grim, R. E. (1953) Clay Mineralogy: McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 46, 56, 132, 133.Google Scholar
Higginson, W. S. E., and Wooding, N. S. (1952) Anionic polymerization. Part I. The polymerization of styrene in liquid ammonia solution catalyzed by potassium amide: J. Chem. Soc., 760.Google Scholar
Jordan, J. W. (1949) Organophilic bentonites. I. Swelling in organic liquids: J. Phys. and Colloid Chem., v. 53, pp. 294–306.Google Scholar
Makower, V., Shaw, T. M., and Alexander, L. T. (1937) The specific surface and density of some soils and their colloids: Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc., v. 2, pp. 101–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mukherjee, J. N., Chatterjее, V., and Guswami, P. S. (1942) Limiting exchange of aluminum ions from hydrogen clays on the addition of neutral salts: J. Indian Chem. Soc., v. 19, pp. 40–407.Google Scholar
Paver, H., and Marshall, S. E. (1934) The role of alumina in the reactions of clays: J. Soc. Chem. Ind. (London), v. 53, pp. 750–760.Google Scholar
Ruehrwein, R. A. (1957) U.S. Patent 2, 795, 567 to Monsanto Chem. Co.Google Scholar
Sanderson, J. J., and Hauser, Chas. R. (1949) Base catalyzed polymerization of styrene: J. Am. Chem. Soc., v. 71, p. 1595.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Servais, A., Fripiat, J. J., and Leonard, A. (1962) Etude de l’ adsorption des amines par les montmorillonites. 1.—Les processus chimiques: Bulletin de la Soc, Chim. de France, pp. 617–44.Google Scholar
Sieskind, Mme O., and Wey, R. (1957), Sur la variation de la capacité d’échange de cations de la Montmorillonite-H en fonction du pH: Bulletin du groupe Français des Argües, 1-6, Tome IX.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Olphen (1963) An Introduction to Clay Colloid Chemistry, Wiley, New York, 301 pp.Google Scholar