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Evaluation of Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Halloysite-Kaolinite Clays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

L. B. Sand  and
W. C. Ormsby
L. B. Sand
Affiliation:
Engineering Research Department, Standard Oil Company, (Indiana), USA Division of Ceramics, School of Mineral Industries, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
W. C. Ormsby
Affiliation:
Engineering Research Department, Standard Oil Company, (Indiana), USA
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Abstract

A number of methods were tested for their applicability to the problem of determining the content of halloysite in kaolin clays. These analytical methods included the thin-section point-count technique, base-exchange determinations, electron microscope techniques and infra-red absorption spectra differences.

Base-exchange determinations were made on a number of monodisperse fractions of pure halloysites and kaolinites. Consistent values of 12 meq/100 g were obtained for the halloysites and 4 meq/100 g for the kaolinites in the size range 1-0.25 micron.

Electron micrographs were taken of prepared homogenized mixtures and counts made of the two morphologically different varieties. Application of this technique to several natural halloysitic kaolins, of which the proportions were known by DTA methods, gave good correlative results.

The thin section method gave very good results on residual clays where the kaolinite occurs as vermicular aggregates.

Infra-red absorption spectra were run by associates on prepared mixtures and the differences were sufficiently marked to give semi-quantitative results.

These four techniques are evaluated with respect to accuracy and application and are compared with other reported techniques.

Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 2: Publication 327, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, October 15-17, 1953 , February 1953 , pp. 277 - 284
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1953

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