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Cesium Sorption Reactions as Indicator of Clay Mineral Structures

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Tsuneo Tamura
Tsuneo Tamura*
Affiliation:
Health Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
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Abstract

At low cesium ion concentrations extremely high selectivities for cesium are exhibited by layer lattice silicates with unexpanded 10 Å c-spacing. The total amount of cesium which can be sorbed by these minerals depends on the edge area and the exchange capacity. At a concentration of 10−5 meq of cesium and 5 meq of sodium, a sample of biotite representing less than 0.025 meq of exchange capacity sorbed over 90 per cent of the cesium and a hydrobiotite with 50 percent vermiculite and representing 1.0 meq of exchange capacity sorbed 80 percent of the cesium.

After heating bentonites to 500–700° C more cesium is sorbed from solutions containing high sodium concentrations by the heated bentonite than the original material. The change in the amount of cesium sorbed as a result of heating may be a useful property for detecting the presence of montmorillonite in mixed or interlayered mineral systems. Lattice expansion of biotite results in improved cesium sorption; this behavior is due to generation of sufficient favorable exchange sites to offset the loss of edges with favorable 10 Å spacing.

Type
General Sessions
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals (National Conference on Clays and Clay Minerals) , Volume 10 , February 1961 , pp. 389 - 398
Copyright
Copyright © Clay Minerals Society 1961

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