Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-20T01:49:33.000Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Use of clay minerals in reconstructing geological processes: recent advances and some perspectives

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

J. Środoń*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geological Sciences PAN, Senacka 1, 31-002 Kraków, Poland

Abstract

This article reviews that clay literature from the last ten years, which is devoted to the applications of clay minerals in the interpretation of geological processes in sedimentary basins. The results, selected by the author as being of particular interest, are presented, arranged according to the successive phases of the rock cycle.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ahn, J.H. & PeacorD.R. (1987) Kaolinization of biotite: TEM data and implications for an alteration mechanism. Am. Miner. 72, 353356.Google Scholar
Altaner, S.P., Hower I , Whitney, G. & Aronson IL. (1984) Model for K-bentonite formation: Evidence from zoned K-bentonites in the disturbed belt, Montana. Geology, 12, 412415.Google Scholar
Amouric, M., Parron C, Casalini, L. & Giresse, P. (1995) A (1:1) 7 Å Fe phase and its transformation in recent sediments: an HRTEM and AEM study. Clays Clay Miner. 43, 446454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aoudjit, H., Robert, M., Elsass, F. & Curmi, P. (1995) Detailed study of smectite genesis in granitic saprolites by analytical electron microscopy. Clay Miner. 30, 135148.Google Scholar
Bailey, S.W. (1988) Odinite, a new dioctahedraltrioctahedral Fe3+-rich 1:1 clay mineral. Clay Miner. 23, 237247.Google Scholar
Bain, D.C., Mellor, A. & Wilson, M.J. (1990) Nature and origin of an aluminous vermiculitic weathering product in acid soils from upland catchments in Scotland. Clay Miner. 25, 467476.Google Scholar
Baker, J.C. & Golding, S.D. (1992) Occurrence and palaeohydrogeological significance of authigenic kaolinite in the Aldebaran Sandstone, Denison Trough, Queensland, Australia. Clays Clay Miner. 40, 273279.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banas, M., ClauerN. & Środoń, J. (1997) Thermal history of the Upper Silesia Coal Basin constrained by K-Ar dating of illite/smectite from pyroclastic horizons. EUG 9, Terra Nova, 9, Abstract Supplement No 1, 574.Google Scholar
Barnes, D.A., Girard, J.-P. & Aronson, J.L. (1992) K-Ar dating of illite diagenesis in the Middle Ordovician St. Peter Sandstone, central Michigan Basin, USA: implications for thermal history. Pp. 35-48 in: Origin, Diagenesis, and Petrophysics of Clay Minerals in Sandstones. SEPM Special Publ. 47.Google Scholar
Bechtel, A. & Hoernes, S. (1990) Oxygen isotope fractionation between oxygen of different sites in illite minerals: a potential single-mineral thermometer. Contrib. Mineral. Pet. 104, 463470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berkgaut, V., Singer, A. & Stahr, K. (1994) Palagonite reconsidered: Paracrystalline illite-smectites from regoliths on basic pyroclastics. Clays Clay Miner. 42, 582592.Google Scholar
Bjorlykke, K. (1992) Pore-water flow and mass transfer of solids in solution in sedimentary basins. Pp. 189-221 in: Quantitative Diagenesis: Recent Developments and Applications to Reservoir Geology (Parker, A. & Sellwood, B.W., editors). Kluwer, Dordrecht.Google Scholar
Buatier, M.D., Ouyang, K. & Sanchez, J.P. (1993) Iron in hydrothermal clays from the Galapagos Spreading Centre mounds: consequences for the clay transition mechanism. Clay Miner. 28, 641655.Google Scholar
Cathelineau, M. (1988) Cation site occupancy in chlorites and illites as a function of temperature. Clay Miner. 23, 471485.Google Scholar
Chamley, H. (1989) Clay Sedimentology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chivas, A.R. & Bird, M.I. (1995) Palaeoclimate from Gondwanaland clays. Proc. 10th Int. Clay Conf., Adelaide, 333-338.Google Scholar
Christidis, G. & Dunham, A.C. (1993) Compositional variation in smectites: Part I. Alteration of intermediate volcanic rocks. A case study from Milos Island, Greece. Clay Miner. 28, 255274.Google Scholar
Clauer, N., Zwingman, H. & Chaudhuri, S. (1996) Isotopic (K-Ar and oxygen) constraints on the extent and importance of the Liassic hydrothermal activity in western Europe. Clay Miner. 31, 301318.Google Scholar
Clauer, N., Środoń, J., Francu, J. & Šucha, V. (1997) K-Ar dating of illite fundamental particles separated from illite-smectite. Clay Miner. 32, 181196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Curtis, C.D., Hughes, C.R., Whiteman, J.A. & Whittle, C.K. (1985) Compositional variation within some sedimentary chlorites and some comments on their origin. Mineral. Mag 49, 375386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dainyak, L.G., Drits, V.A. & Heifits, L.M. (1992) Computer simulation of cation distribution in dioctahedral 2:1 layer silicates using IR-data: application to Mössbauer spectroscopy of a glauconite sample. Clays Clay Miner. 40, 470479.Google Scholar
de Caritat, P., Hutcheon, I. & Walshe, J.L. (1993) Chlorite geothermometry: a review. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 219239.Google Scholar
Deconinck, J.F. & Chamley, H. (1995) Diversity of smectite origins in Late Cretaceous sediments: example of chalks from northern France. Clay Miner. 30, 365380.Google Scholar
Deconinck, J.F., Strasser, A. & Debrabant, P. (1988) Formation of illitic minerals at surface temperatures in Purbeckian sediments (Lower Berrasian, Swiss and French Jura). Clay Miner. 23, 91104.Google Scholar
Deconinck, J.F., Gillot, P.Y., Steinberg, M. & Strasser, A. (1997) Illite du troisième type… une confirmation isotopique. Pp. 22-24 in: Journées Scientifiques en l'Honneur de VA. Drits, Programme et Resumes, Paris.Google Scholar
Delgado, A. & Reyes, E. (1996) Oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in clay minerals: A potential single-mineral geothermometer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60, 42854289.Google Scholar
Drits, V., Eberl, D.D. & Środoń, J. (1998) XRD measurement of mean thickness, thickness distribution and strain for illite and illite/smectite crystallites by the Bertaut-Warren-Averbach technique. Clays Clay Miner. 46, 3850.Google Scholar
Drits, V.A., Salyn, A.L. & Šucha, V. (1996) Structural transformations of interstratified illite-smectites from Dolna Ves hydrothermal deposits: dynamics and mechanisms. Clays Clay Miner 44, 181190.Google Scholar
Drits, V., Środoń, J. & Eberl, D.D. (1997) XRD measurement of mean crystal thickness of illite and illite/smectite: reappraisal of the Kubler index and the Scherrer equation. Clays Clay Miner. 45, 461475.Google Scholar
Drits, V.A., Weber, F., Salyn, A.L. & Tsipursky, S.I. (1993) X-ray identification of one-layer illite varieties: Application to the study of illites around uranium deposits of Canada. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 389398.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D. & Hower, J. (1976) Kinetics of illite formation. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 187, 13261330.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D. & Srodon I (1988) Ostwald ripening and interparticle diffraction effects for illite crystals. Am. Miner. 73, 13351345.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Środoń, J. & Northrop, H.R. (1986) Potassium fixation in smectite by wetting and drying. Pp. 296-326 in: Geochemical Processes at Mineral Surfaces (Davis, J.A. & Hayes, K.F., editors). ACS Symposium Series No. 323, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Eberl, D.D., Nuesch, R., Šucha, V. & Tsipursky, S. (1998) Measurement of the thickness of fundamental particles by X-ray diffraction. Clays Clay Miner. 46, 8997.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, S.N., Aagaard. P., Wilson, M.J., Fraser, A.R. & Duthie, D.M.L. (1993) Depth-dependent transformation of kaolinite to dickite in sandstones of the Norwegian continental shelf. Clay Miner. 28, 325352.Google Scholar
Elliot, W.C. & Matisoff, G. (1996) Evaluation of kinetic models for the smectite to illite transformation. Clays Clay Miner. 44, 7787.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elliot, W.C., Aronson IL., Matisoff, G. & Gautier, D.L. (1991) Kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in the Denver basin: clay mineral, K/Ar, and mathematical model results. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 75, 436462.Google Scholar
Elsass, F., Środoń, J. & Robert, M. (1997) Illite-smectite alteration and accompanying reactions in a Pennsylvanian underclay studied by TEM. Clays Clay Miner. 45, 390403.Google Scholar
Essene, E.J. & Peacor, D.R. (1995) Clay mineral thermometry — a critical perspective. Clays Clay Miner. 43, 540553.Google Scholar
Fordham, A.W. (1990) Weathering of biotite into dioctahedral clay minerals. Clay Miner. 25, 5164.Google Scholar
Hay, R.L., Hughes, R.E., Kyser, T.K., Glass, H.D. & Liu, J. (1995) Magnesium-rich clays of the meerschaum mines in the Ambroseli Basin, Tanzania and Kenya. Clays Clay Miner. 43, 455466.Google Scholar
Hay, R.L., Lee, M., Kolata, D.R., Matthews, J.C. & Morton, J.P. (1988) Episodic potassic diagenesis of Ordovician tuffs in the Mississippi Valley area. Geology, 16, 743747.Google Scholar
Hay, R.L., Guldman, S.G., Matthews, J.C., Lander, R.H., Duffin, M.E. & Kyser, T.K. (1991) Clay mineral diagenesis in core KM-3 of Searles Lake, California. Clays Clay Miner. 39, 8496.Google Scholar
Hillier, S. (1993) Origin, diagenesis, and mineralogy of chlorite minerals in Devonian lacustrine mudrocks, Orcadian Basin, Scotland. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 240259.Google Scholar
Hillier, S. (1994) Pore-lining chlorites in siliciclastic reservoir sandstones: electron microprobe, SEM and XRD data, and implications for their origin. Clay Miner. 29, 665680.Google Scholar
Hillier, S. & Velde, B. (1991) Octahedral occupancy and the chemical composition of diagenetic (low-temperature) chlorites. Clay Miner. 26, 149168.Google Scholar
Hillier, S. & Velde, B. (1992) Chlorite interstratified with a 7 Å mineral: an example from offshore Norway and possible implications for the interpretation of the composition of diagenetic chlorites. Clay Miner. 27, 475486.Google Scholar
Hillier, S., Fallick, A.E. & Matter, A. (1996) Origin of pore-lining chlorite in the aeolian Rotliegend of northern Germany. Clay Miner. 31, 153172.Google Scholar
Hornibrook, E.R.C. & Longstaffe, F.J. (1996) Berthierine from the Lower Cretaceous Clearwater Formation, Alberta, Canada. Clays Clay Miner. 44, 121.Google Scholar
Huang, W-L. (1990) Illitic clay formation during experimental weathering of arkoses. Abstracts, 27th Annual Meeting of Clay Minerals Society, Columbia, Missouri, 62.Google Scholar
Huang, W-L., Bishop, A.M. & Brown, R.W. (1986) The effect of fluid/rock ratio on feldspar dissolution and illite formation under reservoir conditions. Clay Miner. 21, 585601.Google Scholar
Huang, W-L., Longo, J.M. & Pevear, D.R. (1993) An experimentally derived kinetic model for smectiteto-illite conversion and its use as a geothermometer. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 162177.Google Scholar
Inoue, A. (1986) Morphological change in a continuous smectite-to-illite conversion series by scanning and transmission electron microscopies. J. College Arts Sciences, Chiba Univ. B-19, 2333.Google Scholar
Inoue, A., Velde. B., Meunier, A. & Touchard, G. (1988) Mechanism of illite formation during smectite to illite conversion in a hydrothermal system. Am. Miner. 73, 13251334.Google Scholar
Jahren, J.S. & Aagaard, P. (1989) Compositional variations in diagenetic chlorites and illites, and relationships with formation-water chemistry. Clay Miner. 24, 157170.Google Scholar
Jahren, J.S. & Aagaard, P. (1992) Diagenetic illitechlorite assemblages in arenites. I. Chemical evolution. Clays Clay Miner. 40, 540546.Google Scholar
Jeans, C.V., Mitchell, J.G., Scherer, M. & Fisher, M.J. (1994) Origin of the Permo-Triassic clay mica assemblage. Clay Miner. 29, 575590.Google Scholar
Jiang, W-T. & Peacor, D.R. (1994) Prograde transition of corrensite to chlorite in low-grade pelitic rocks from the Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec. Clays Clay Miner. 42, 497517.Google Scholar
Jones, B.F. & Galan, E. (1988) Sepiolite and palygorskite. Pp. 631-674 in: Hydrous Phyllosilicates (Bailey, S.W., editor). Reviews in Mineralogy, 19. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Lanson, B. & Champion, D. (1991) The I/S-to-illite reaction in the late stage diagenesis. Am. J. Sci. 291, 473506.Google Scholar
Lanson, B., Beaufort, D., Berger, G., Baradat, J. & Lacharpagne, J-C. (1996) Illitization of diagenetic kaolinite-to-dickite conversion series: late-stage diagenesis of the Lower Permian Rotliegend Sandstone reservoir, offshore of the Netherlands. J. Sed. Res. 66A, 501-518.Google Scholar
Lindgreen, H. (1994) Ammonium fixation during illitesmectite diagenesis in Upper Jurassic shale, North Sea. Clay Miner. 29, 527538.Google Scholar
Longstaffe, F. (1992) Stable isotopic constraints on sandstone diagenesis in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. Pp. 223-274 in: Quantitative Diagenesis: Recent Developments and Applications to Reservoir Geology (Parker, A. & Sellwood, B.W., editors). Kluwer, Dordrecht.Google Scholar
Mathieu, Y. & Velde, B. (1989) Identification of thermal anomalies using clay mineral composition. Clay Miner. 24, 591602.Google Scholar
McAulay, G.E., Burley, S.D., Fallick, A.E. & Kusznir, N.J. (1994) Palaeohydrodynamic fluid flow regimes during diagenesis of the Brent Group in the Hutton-NW Hutton reservoirs: constraints from oxygen isotope studies of authigenic kaolin and reverse flexural modelling. Clay Miner. 29, 609626.Google Scholar
McCarty, D.K. & Reynolds, R.C. (1995) Rotationally disordered illite/smectite in Palaeozoic K-bentonites. Clays Clay Miner. 43, 271284.Google Scholar
McHardy, W.J., Wilson, M.J. & Tait, J.M. (1982) Electron microscope and X-ray diffraction studies of filamentous illitic clay from sandstones of the Magnus field. Clay Miner. 17, 2339.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millot, G. (1970) Geology of Clays. Springer-Verlag, New York.Google Scholar
Mizota, C. & Longstaffe, F.J. (1996) Origin of Cretaceous and Oligocène kaolinites from the Iwaizumi clay deposit, Iwate, northestern Japan. Clays Clay Miner. 44, 408416.Google Scholar
Moore, D.M. & Reynolds, R.C. (1997) X-ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals. Oxford University Press, Oxford-New York.Google Scholar
Moraes, M.A.S. & De Ros, L.F. (1990) Infiltrated clays in fluvial Jurassic sandstones of Reconcavo Basin, Northeastern Brasil. J. Sed. Pet. 60, 809819.Google Scholar
Mossman, J.-R. (1991) K-Ar dating of authigenic illite/ smectite material: application to complex mixtures of mixed-layer assemblages. Clay Miner. 26, 189198.Google Scholar
Mossman, J.-R., Clauer, N. & Liewig, N. (1992) Dating thermal anomalies in sedimentary basins: the diagenetic history of clay minerals in the Triassic sandstones of the Paris Basin, France. Clay Miner. 27, 211226.Google Scholar
Nadeau, P.H., Wilson, M.J., McHardy, W.J. & Tait, J. (1984) Interstratified clay as fundamental particles. Science, 225, 923925.Google Scholar
Odin, G.S., editor (1988) Green Marine Clays. Elsevier, Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Osborne, M., Haszeldine, R.S. & Fallick, A.E. (1994) Variation in kaolinite morphology with growth temperature in isotopically mixed pore-fluids, Brent Group, UK North Sea. Clay Miner. 29, 591608.Google Scholar
Pevear, D.R. (1992) Illite age analysis, a new tool for basin thermal history analysis. Pp. 1251-1254 in: Proc. 7th Int. Symp. Water-Rock Interactions (Kharaka, Y.K. & Maest, A.S., editors), Park City, Utah.Google Scholar
Piatt, J.D. (1993) Controls of clay mineral distribution and chemistry in the Early Permian Rotliegend of Germany. Clay Miner. 28, 393416.Google Scholar
Pletsch, T., Daoudi, L., Chamley, H., Deconinck, J.F. & Charroud, M. (1996) Palaeogeographic controls on palygorskite occurrence in mid-Cretaceous sediments of Morocco and adjacent basins. Clay Miner. 31, 403416.Google Scholar
Pollastro, R.M. (1993) Considerations and applications of the illite/smectite geothermometer in hydrocarbon-bearing rocks of Miocene to Mississippian age. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 119133.Google Scholar
Price, K.L. & McDowell, S.D. (1993) Illite/smectite geothermometry of the Proterozoic Oronto Group, midcontinent rift system. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 134147.Google Scholar
Pytte, A. & Reynolds, R.C. (1988) The thermal transformation of smectite to illite. Pp. 133-140 in: Thermal Histories of Sedimentary Basins (Naeser, N.D. & McCulloh, T.H., editors). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Google Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. (1994) WILDFIRE©, A Computer Program for the Calculation of Three-Dimensional Powder X-ray Diffraction Patterns for Mica Polytypes and their Disordered Variations. Reynolds R.C., 8 Brook Rd., Hanover, NH.Google Scholar
Reynolds, R.C., DiStefano, M.P. & Lahann, R.W. (1992) Randomly interstratified serpentine/chlorite: its detection and quantification by powder X-ray diffraction methods. Clays Clay Miner. 40, 262267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Righi, D., Velde, B. & Meunier, A. (1995) Clay stability in clay-dominated soil systems. Clay Miner. 30, 4554.Google Scholar
Righi, D., Gillot, F., Elsass, F. & Petit, S. (1997) Transformation of smectite in two contrasted soil environments. Pp. 59-61 in: Journées Scientifiques en l'Honneur de VA. Drits, Programme et Resumes, Paris.Google Scholar
Ruiz Cruz, M.D. & Andreo, B. (1996) Genesis and transformation of dickite in Permo-Triassic sediments (Betic Cordilleras, Spain). Clay Miner. 31, 133152.Google Scholar
Sequeira Braga, M.A., Lopes Nunes, J.E., Paquet, H. & Millot, G. (1990) Climatic zonality of coarse granitic saprolites ('arènes’) in Atlantic Europe from Scandinavia to Portugal. Proc. 9th Int. Clay Conf, Strasbourg, 99-108.Google Scholar
Sheppard, S.M.F. & Gilg, H.A. (1996) Stable isotope geochemistry of clay minerals. Clay Miner. 31, 124.Google Scholar
Singh, B. & Gilkes RJ. (1992) An electron optical investigation of the alteration of kaolinite to halloysite. Clays Clay Miner. 40, 212229.Google Scholar
Small, J.S. (1994) Fluid composition, mineralogy and morphological changes associated with the smectiteto-illite reaction: an experimental investigation of the effect of organic acid anions. Clay Miner. 29, 539554.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Small, J.S. (1995) Experimental and modelling studies of the pH control of the smectite-to-illite reaction. P. 88 in: V.M. Goldschmidt Conference, Program & Abstracts, The Geochemical Society.Google Scholar
Small, J.S., Hamilton, D.L. & Habesch, S. (1992) Experimental simulation of clay precipitation within reservoir sandstones 2: Mechanism of illite formation and controls on morphology. J. Sed. Pet. 62, 520529.Google Scholar
Spotl, C., Houseknecht, D.W. & Longstaffe, F.J. (1994) Authigenic chlorites in sandstones as indicators of high-temperature diagenesis, Arkoma foreland basin, USA. J. Sed. Res. A64, 553566.Google Scholar
Steinberg, M., Holtzapffel, T. & Rautureau, M. (1987) Characterization of overgrowth structures formed around individual clay particles during early diagenesis. Clays Clay Miner. 35, 189195.Google Scholar
Środoń, J. (1995) Reconstruction of maximum paleotemperatures at present erosional surface of the Upper Silesia Basin, based on the composition of illite/smectite in shales. Studia Geol. Pol. 108, 922.Google Scholar
Środoń, J., Eberl, D.D. & Drits, V. (1997) Evolution of crystal size during illitization of smectite. Pp. 66-67 in: Journées Scientifiques en l'Honneur de VA. Drits, Programme et Resumes, Paris.Google Scholar
Stern, L.A., Chamberlain, C.P., Reynolds, R.C. & Johnson, D.G. (1997) Oxygen isotope evidence of climate change from pedogenic clay minerals in the Himalayan molasse. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 61, 731744.Google Scholar
Šucha, V., Kraus, I., Gerthofferova, H., Petes, J. & Serekova, M. (1993) Smectite to illite conversion in bentonites and shales of the East Slovak Basin. Clay Miner. 28, 243253.Google Scholar
Thiry, M. & Jacquin, T. (1993) Clay mineral distribution related to rift activity, sea-level changes and palaeoceanography in the Cretaceous of the Atlantic Ocean. Clay Miner. 28, 6184.Google Scholar
Thomas, A.R., Dahl, W.M., Hall CM. & York, D. (1993) 40Ar/39Ar analyses of authigenic muscovite, timing of stylolitization, and implications for pressure solution mechanisms: Jurassic Norphlet Formation, offshore Alabama. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 269279.Google Scholar
Velde, B. & Vasseur, G. (1992) Estimation of the diagenetic smectite-to-illite transformation in timetemperature space. Am. Miner. 77, 967976.Google Scholar
Walker, J.R. (1993) Chlorite polytype geothermometry. Clays Clay Miner. 41, 260267. Weaver CE. (1989) Clays, Muds, and Shales. Elsevier, Amsterdam.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wei, H., Roaldset, E. & Bjoroy, M. (1996) Parallel reaction kinetics of smectite to illite conversion. Clay Miner. 31, 365376.Google Scholar
Whitney, G. & Northrop, H.R. (1987) Diagenesis and fluid flow in the San Juan Basin, New Mexico: regional zonation in the mineralogy and stable isotope composition of clay minerals in sandstone. Am. J. Sci. 287, 353382.Google Scholar
Wilson, M.J. (1987) Soil smectites and related interstratified minerals: recent developments. Proc. 8th Int. Clay Conf, Denver, 167-173.Google Scholar
Yeh, H.-W. & Eslinger, E.V. (1986) Oxygen isotopes and the extent of diagenesis of clay minerals during sedimentation and burial in the sea. Clays Clay Miner. 34, 403406.Google Scholar
Ziegler, K., Sellwood, B.W. & Fallick, A.E. (1994) Radiogenic and stable isotope evidence for age and origin of authigenic illites in the Rotliegend, southern North Sea. Clay Miner. 29, 555566.Google Scholar