Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-sxzjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T01:48:35.636Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Dehydration behaviour of hexadecyltrimethylammonium-exchanged smectite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

S. Y. Lee  and
S. J . Kim
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The dehydration of hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA)-exchanged smectites has been studied using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The basal spacing of hydrated HDTMA-smectites changed with temperature. The 2.5 HDTMA-smectite (i.e. smectite treated with HDTMA equivalent to 2.5 times the CEC) showed a continuous increase in its basal spacing during dehydration up to 200ºC, while the 1.2 HDTMA-smectite showed a significant decrease in basal spacing. It is assumed that the less ordered alkyl chains in the wet state in the interlayer region may be rearranged to ordered chains (e.g. all-trans conformation) during sequential dehydration. This results in a decrease in interlayer spacing in the phase with low organic packing density and a flat-lying array (i.e. 1.2 HDTMA-smectite), and a gradual increase in the basal spacing when the chains have a vertical configuration (2.5 HDTMA-smectite).

Keywords

dehydrationhexadecyltrimethylammoniumsmectiteX-ray diffractometrydifferential scanning calorimetryinterlayer.
Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 38 , Issue 2 , June 2003 , pp. 225 - 232
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 2003

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, M.A., Trouw, F.R. & Tam, C.N. (1999) Properties of water in calcium- and hexadecyltrimethylammonium- exchanged bentonite. Clays and Clay Minerals, 47, 28 – 35.Google Scholar
Carter, D.L., Mortland, M.M. & Kemper, W.D. (1986) Specific surface. Pp. 413 –423 in. Methods of Soil Analysis (Klute, A., editor). SSSA Book Series 5, American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wisconsin.Google Scholar
De, D.K., Das Kanungo, J.L. & Chakravarti, S.K. (1974) Interaction of crystal violet and malachite green with bentonite and their desorption by inorganic and surface active quaternary ammonium ions. Indian Journal of Chemistry, 12, 165 –166.Google Scholar
Hendershot, W.H. & Duquette, M. (1986) A simple barium chloride method for determining cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 50, 605 –608.Google Scholar
Jaynes, W.F. & Boyd, S.A. (1991) Clay mineral type and organic compound sorption by hexadecyltrimethylammonium- exchanged clays. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55, 43 –48.Google Scholar
Kibbey, T.C.G. & Hayes, K.F. (1993) Partitioning and UV absorption studies of phenanthrene on cationic surfactant-coated silica. Environmental Science and Technology, 27, 2168 –2173.Google Scholar
Kung, K.S. & Hayes, K.F. (1993) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of the adsorption of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetylpyridinium chloride on silica. Langmuir, 9, 263 –267.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. (1976) Kink-block and Gauche-block structures of bimolecular films. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 15, 575 – 586.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. (1994) Layer charge determination by alkylammonium ions. Pp. 2 – 46 in. Layer Charge Characteristics of 2:1 Silicate Clay Minerals (A.R. Mermut, editor). CMS Workshop Lectures, 6, The Clay Minerals Society, Boulder, Colorado.Google Scholar
Lagaly, G. & Weiss, A. (1969) Determination of the layer charge in mica-type layer silicates. Pp. 61 –80 in: Proceeding of the International Clay Conference, Tokyo (Heller, L., editor). Israel University Press, Jerusalem.Google Scholar
Lee, S.Y. & Kim, S.J. (2002a) Transmission electron microscopy of hexadecy ltrimethylammoniumexchanged smectite. Clay Minerals, 36, 465 –471.Google Scholar
Lee, S.Y. & Kim, S.J. (2002b) Delamination behavior of silicate layers by adsorption of cationic surfactants. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 248, 231 –238.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Narine, D.R. & Guy, R.D. (1981) Interactions of some large organic cations with bentonite in dilute aqueous systems. Clays and Clay Minerals, 29, 205 –212.Google Scholar
Pires, J., Carvalho, M.B., Carvalho, A.P., Guil, J.M. & Melón, J.A.P. (2000) Heats of adsorption of n-hexane by thermal gravimetry with differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC): A tool for textural characterization of pillared clays. Clays and Clay Minerals, 48, 385 – 391.Google Scholar
Stevens, J.J., Anderson, S.J. & Boyd, S.A. (1996) FTIR study of competitive water-arene sorption on tetramethylammonium- and trimethylphenyl-ammoniummontmorillonites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 44, 88 –95.Google Scholar
Sullivan, E.J., Hunter, D.B. & Bowman, R.S. (1997) Topological and thermal properties of surfactantmodified clinoptilolite studied by Tapping-Mode atomic force microscopy and high-resol ution thermog ravimet ric analysis. Clays and Clay Minerals, 45, 42 –53.Google Scholar
Theng, B.K.G. (1974) The Chemistry of Clay-Organic Reactions . Adam Hilger, London.Google Scholar
Xu, S. & Boyd, S.A. (1995) Cationic surfactant adsorption by swelling and nonswelling layer silicates. Langmuir, 11, 2508 –2514.Google Scholar
Yariv, S. (1985) Study of the adsorption of organic molecules on clay minerals by differential thermal analysis. Thermochimica Acta, 88, 49 –68.Google Scholar
Yariv, S., Müller-Vonmoos, M., Kahr, G. & Rub, A. (1989) Thermal analytic study of the adsorption of crystal violet by montmorillonite. Thermochimica Acta, 148, 457 –466.Google Scholar