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Clement of Alexandria's Protrepticvs and the Phaedrvs of Plato

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

Extract

A very slight reading of Clement of Alexandria is enough to prove how deeply he is indebted to Plato both in respect of language and of thought. Quotations from Plato are to be found throughout Clement's works, and in many cases acknowledgment is made of their origin. In addition there are frequent allusions, which for the most part the student of Plato can easily recognize. Clement invariably shows a profound respect for the Greek philosopher, whom he looks upon as a seeker after truth and as an authority, we may almost say, second only to the Scriptures. A careful comparison of the Protrepticus with the Phaedrus, results of which are given below, will furnish a striking illustration of the close dependence of Clement upon Plato. The Protrepticus is a short work, occupying in space not more than one–twelfth of Clement's extant writings, while the Phaedrus is even smaller in proportion to the whole of Plato. It is remarkable that so much inter-connexion should be found in so small a field, especially when we remember that the references to the Phaedrus represent by no means the whole of Clement's drawing upon Plato in the Protrepticus. There are allusions also to the Theaetetus, Republic, Charmides, Laws and Epistles, and possibly to the Politicus, Cratylus, Philebus, Symposium and Apology.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Classical Association 1916

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References

page 198 note 1 The references are to page and line of Stählin’s edition of Clement, vol. i. The figures in parentheses refer to Potter's pages. The text of Plato is taken from Burnet’s Oxford edition.

page 200 note 1 This phrase seems to come from Plato, Symposium 178A; 180B.

page 201 note 1 The same adaptation of Platonic phraseology may be seen elsewhere in Clement, e.g. vol. iii. (Stählin), p. 164, 1. 12 (939), in the Quis diues saluetur: τòν θεòν τòν … ζω⋯ς α⋯ων⋯ον ταμ⋯αν, compared with Repub. 379 E ταμ⋯ας ⋯μîν ζεúς ⋯γαβ⋯ν τε κακών τε τ⋯τνκται.

page 203 note 1 For a closer parallel to this passage, see Timaeus 47 B.

page 203 note 2 τòν χαλινòν ⋯νδακςν occurs also in Clement, (Quis diues saluetur) vol. iii. p. 189, 1Google Scholar. 3, Stählin (959).

page 204 note 1 It will be noticed that these two passages occur quite near the end of the Protrepticus, and their parallels at the end of the Phaedrus.

page 204 note 2 These words occur in close connexion in each work.

page 205 note 1 Stählin writes [⋯πι] γεγονóτας here; wrongly, as I think the Phaedrus parallel will show. The meaning in both cases is, ‘coming into existence later’.

page 205 note 2 There is a connexion of sense, as well as of word, in the two passages which contain πα⋯λα. In both the idea is πα⋯λα ζω⋯ς.