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Racial and ethnic disparities in socio-economic status, access to care, and healthcare utilisation among children with heart conditions, National Survey of Children’s Health 2016–2019
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 31 March 2023
Abstract
Among children with and without heart conditions of different race/ethnicities, upstream social determinants of health, such as socio-economic status, access to care, and healthcare utilisation, may vary. Using caregiver-reported data from the 2016–19 National Survey of Children’s Health, we calculated the prevalence of caregiver employment and education, child’s health insurance, usual place of medical care in the past 12 months, problems paying for child’s care, ≥2 emergency room visits, and unmet healthcare needs by heart condition status and race/ethnicity (Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White). For each outcome, we used multivariable logistic regression to generate adjusted prevalence ratios controlling for child’s age and sex. Of 2632 children with heart conditions and 104,841 without, 65.4% and 58.0% were non-Hispanic White and 52.0% and 51.1% were male, respectively. Children with heart conditions, compared to those without, were 1.7–2.6 times more likely to have problems paying for healthcare, have ≥2 emergency room visits, and have unmet healthcare needs. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children with heart conditions, compared to non-Hispanic White, were 1.5–3.2 times as likely to have caregivers employed <50 weeks in the past year and caregivers with ≤ high school education, public or no health insurance, no usual place of care, and ≥2 emergency room visits. Children with heart conditions, compared to those without, may have greater healthcare needs that more commonly go unmet. Among children with heart conditions, Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black children may experience lower socio-economic status and greater barriers to healthcare than non-Hispanic White children.
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- To the extent this work is subject to copyright outside of the United States, such copyright shall be assigned to the Publisher. Outside of the United States, the US Government retains a paidup, nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public and display publicly the Contribution, and to permit others to do so. This is a work of the US Government and is not subject to copyright protection within the United States. Published by Cambridge University Press & Assessment.
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Footnotes
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Programme at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC.
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Judge et al. supplementary material
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Judge et al. supplementary material
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Judge et al. supplementary material
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